Dynamic spatiotemporal brain analyses using high performance electrical neuroimaging: theoretical framework and validation.

S. Cacioppo,R. Weiss,H. Runesha,J. Cacioppo

Published 2014 in Journal of Neuroscience Methods

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Since Berger's first EEG recordings in 1929, several techniques, initially developed for investigating periodic processes, have been applied to study non-periodic event-related brain state dynamics. NEW METHOD We provide a theoretical comparison of the two approaches and present a new suite of data-driven analytic tools for the specific identification of the brain microstates in high-density event-related brain potentials (ERPs). This suite includes four different analytic methods. We validated this approach through a series of theoretical simulations and an empirical investigation of a basic visual paradigm, the reversal checkerboard task. RESULTS Results indicate that the present suite of data-intensive analytic techniques, improves the spatiotemporal information one can garner about non-periodic brain microstates from high-density electrical neuroimaging data. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Compared to the existing methods (such as those based on k-clustering methods), the current micro-segmentation approach offers several advantages, including the data-driven (automatic) detection of non-periodic quasi-stable brain states. CONCLUSION This suite of quantitative methods allows the automatic detection of event-related changes in the global pattern of brain activity, putatively reflecting changes in the underlying neural locus for information processing in the brain, and event-related changes in overall brain activation. In addition, within-subject and between-subject bootstrapping procedures provide a quantitative means of investigating how robust are the results of the micro-segmentation.

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