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Weed suppression, nutrient leaching, water use and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) under different land configurations and mulches

V. Choudhary,P. Kumar

Published 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production

ABSTRACT

Abstract Alteration in micro-topography and mulching are important agronomic practices to conserve the resources in situ. Turmeric is sensitive to weed infestation and soil loss. Studies were conducted during 2011–12 and 2012–13 in a silt loam soil to evaluate the weed suppression, nutrient leaching, water use and yield of turmeric under varying land configurations [broad bed and furrow (BBF), ridge and furrow (RF), and flat bed (FB)] and mulch materials [paddy straw followed by weed biomass (PS), thatch grass (Imperata cylendrica; IC), pine needle (PN) and no mulch (NM)]. Results revealed reduced weed density, dry biomass and superior weed suppression with BBF and either of mulch. Weed suppression followed the trend from higher to lower with PN > IC > PS > NM. The soil and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) losses under BBF and PN mulch were the lowest, indicating better conservation of the soils. Besides, the rhizome yield, water use efficiency, economic and energy parameters were improved by following higher to lower with BBF > RF > FB and PN > IC > PS > NM. Land configuration and mulch suppress the weed growth, reduce the soil and nutrient losses, leading to higher rhizome yield, enhanced water use, superior economics and improves energy values.

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