Implications of holistic face processing in autism and schizophrenia

People with autism and schizophrenia have been shown to have a local bias in sensory processing and face recognition difficulties. A global or holistic processing strategy is known to be important when recognizing faces. Studies investigating face recognition in these populations are reviewed and show that holistic processing is employed despite lower overall performance in the tasks used. This implies that holistic processing is necessary but not sufficient for optimal face recognition and new avenues for research into face recognition based on network models of autism and schizophrenia are proposed.

• Publication year

  2013

• Venue

  Frontiers in Psychology

• Publication date

  2013-07-05

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00414PMID 23847581PMCID 3701876
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Importance of the Inverted Control in Measuring Holistic Face Processing with the Composite Effect and Part-Whole Effect

  2013cited by this paper
• Face identity recognition in autism spectrum disorders: a review of behavioral studies.

  2012cited by this paper
• Face and body perception in schizophrenia: a configural processing deficit?

  2012cited by this paper
• Visual Scan Paths and Recognition of Facial Identity in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typical Development

  2012cited by this paper
• A Review and Clarification of the Terms “holistic,” “configural,” and “relational” in the Face Perception Literature

  2012cited by this paper
• Role of Temporal Processing Stages by Inferior Temporal Neurons in Facial Recognition

  2011cited by this paper
• Hierarchical temporal processing deficit model of reality distortion and psychoses

  2011cited by this paper
• Risk variants in the S100B gene, associated with elevated S100B levels, are also associated with visuospatial disability of schizophrenia.

  2011cited by this paper
• Presentation and validation of the Radboud Faces Database

  2010cited by this paper
• Functional Compartmentalization and Viewpoint Generalization Within the Macaque Face-Processing System

  2010cited by this paper
• Risk variants in the S 100 B gene , associated with elevated S 100 B levels , are also associated with visuospatial disability of schizophrenia

  2010cited by this paper
• Processing of facial configuration in individuals at ultra-high risk for schizophrenia.

  2010cited by this paper
• Comparative genomics of autism and schizophrenia

  2010cited by this paper
• The eyes or the mouth? Feature salience and unfamiliar face processing in Williams syndrome and autism

  2009cited by this paper
• Local vs. global approaches to reproducing the Rey Osterrieth complex figure by children, adolescents, and adults with high‐functioning autism

  2009cited by this paper
• Brief Report: Face Configuration Accuracy and Processing Speed Among Adults with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders

  2009cited by this paper
• Visual and cognitive processing of face information in schizophrenia: detection, discrimination and working memory.

  2009cited by this paper
• Schizophrenia patients show deficits in shifts of attention to different levels of global-local stimuli: evidence for magnocellular dysfunction.

  2009cited by this paper
• Neural bases of eye and gaze processing: the core of social cognition.

  2009cited by this paper
• Face composite effects reveal abnormal face processing in Autism spectrum disorders.

  2009cited by this paper
• Atypical development of face and greeble recognition in autism.

  2008cited by this paper
• Social cognition in schizophrenia: a review of face processing.

  2008cited by this paper
• What's in a face? Effects of stimulus duration and inversion on face processing in schizophrenia.

  2008cited by this paper
• Visual Perception and Its Impairment in Schizophrenia

  2008cited by this paper
• Converging evidence of configural processing of faces in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorders

  2008cited by this paper
• Specific impairment of face‐processing abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder using the Let's Face It! skills battery

  2008cited by this paper
• Dysfunction in Configural Face Processing in Patients With Schizophrenia

  2007cited by this paper
• Differences in discrimination of eye and mouth displacement in autism spectrum disorders.

  2007cited by this paper
• The Weak Coherence Account: Detail-focused Cognitive Style in Autism Spectrum Disorders

  2006cited by this paper
• Cognitive retraining for organizational impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

  2006cited by this paper
• The functional significance of social cognition in schizophrenia: a review.

  2006cited by this paper
• Configural processing in autism and its relationship to face processing.

  2006cited by this paper
• Theory of mind.

  2005cited by this paper
• Vagaries of visual perception in autism.

  2005cited by this paper
• Global-local visual processing in schizophrenia: evidence for an early visual processing deficit.

  2005cited by this paper
• Gaze fixation and the neural circuitry of face processing in autism

  2005cited by this paper
• Is autism a disconnection disorder?

  2004cited by this paper
• Do children with autism perceive second-order relational features? The case of the Thatcher illusion.

  2004cited by this paper
• Gestalt processing in autism: failure to process perceptual relationships and the implications for contextual understanding.

  2004cited by this paper
• Face processing in high‐functioning adolescents with autism: Evidence for weak central coherence

  2004cited by this paper
• Where the rubber meets the road: The importance of implementation

  2003cited by this paper
• Detailed Learning in Narrow Fields - Towards a Neural Network Model of Autism

  2003cited by this paper
• Holistic and part-based face recognition in children with autism.

  2003cited by this paper
• Organizational and Visual Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Psychoses Using the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure: Effects of Duration of Illness

  2003cited by this paper
• What Are the Routes to Face Recognition

  2003cited by this paper
• Convergence of biological and psychological perspectives on cognitive coordination in schizophrenia

  2003cited by this paper
• Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism.

  2002cited by this paper
• The many faces of configural processing.

  2002cited by this paper
• Configural processing in face recognition in schizophrenia

  2002cited by this paper
• Enhanced perceptual functioning in the development of autism.

  2001cited by this paper
• Perceptual organization in schizophrenia: the processing of symmetrical configurations.

  2000cited by this paper
• Hierarchical models of object recognition in cortex

  1999cited by this paper
• Children with autism show local precedence in a divided attention task and global precedence in a selective attention task.

  1999cited by this paper
• Hemispheric and attentional contributions to perceptual organization deficits on the global-local task in schizophrenia.

  1999cited by this paper
• Local bias in autistic subjects as evidenced by graphic tasks: perceptual hierarchization or working memory deficit?

  1999cited by this paper
• Are people with autism and Asperger syndrome faster than normal on the Embedded Figures Test?

  1997cited by this paper
• Features and their configuration in face recognition

  1997cited by this paper
• What's in a face?

  1996influential reference
• Stimulus configuration and context effects in perceptual organization in schizophrenia.

  1996cited by this paper
• Studying weak central coherence at low levels: children with autism do not succumb to visual illusions. A research note.

  1996cited by this paper
• What causes the face inversion effect

  1995cited by this paper
• What causes the face inversion effect?

  1995cited by this paper
• Parts and Wholes in Face Recognition

  1993cited by this paper
• Information processing and attention dysfunctions in schizophrenia.

  1993influential reference
• Why do autistic individuals show superior performance on the block design task?

  1993cited by this paper
• Inversion and configuration of faces.

  1993influential reference
• "Theory of mind" in Asperger's syndrome.

  1992cited by this paper
• CONSPEC and CONLERN: a two-process theory of infant face recognition.

  1991cited by this paper
• ARE FACES SPECIAL

  1989cited by this paper
• Gestalt Theory and Psychiatry: Discussion Paper

  1989cited by this paper
• Autistic children's ability to interpret faces: a research note.

  1989cited by this paper
• Autism: explaining the enigma

  1989cited by this paper
• What's in a Face?

  1988cited by this paper
• What's in a face? The case of autism.

  1988cited by this paper
• Looking at Faces: First-Order and Second-Order Features as Determinants of Facial Appearance

  1988cited by this paper
• Configurational Information in Face Perception

  1987cited by this paper
• Cognitive disorders of infantile autism: A study employing the WISC, spatial relationship conceptualization, and Gesture Imitations

  1987cited by this paper
• Why faces are and are not special: an effect of expertise.

  1986cited by this paper
• Integration of Schematic Faces and Other Complex Objects in Schizophrenia

  1983cited by this paper
• Margaret Thatcher: A New Illusion

  1980cited by this paper
• Recognition of faces: an approach to the study of autism.

  1978cited by this paper
• A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERFORMANCE SCALE IQ'S AND SUBTEST SCORES OF DEAF CHILDREN ON THE WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN AND THE WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN-REVISED

  1977cited by this paper
• Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception ☆

  1977cited by this paper
• Models for the processing and identification of faces

  1971cited by this paper
• Looking at Upside-down Faces

  1969cited by this paper
• Autistic disturbances of affective contact.

  1968cited by this paper
• Le test de copie d'une figure complexe

  1944cited by this paper
• University of

  year unknowncited by this paper
• The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology When Inverted Faces Are Recognized: the Role of Configural Information in Face Recognition

  year unknowninfluential reference
• Human Nature Review Book Review

  year unknowninfluential reference

• A multimodal neural signature of face processing in autism within the fusiform gyrus

  2025cites this paper
• Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: a phenomenological comparison

  2025cites this paper
• A multimodal neural signature of face processing in autism within the fusiform gyrus

  2024cites this paper
• Evaluating the structure of cognitive tasks with transfer learning

  2023cites this paper
• Body image as a mediator in the relationship between psychotic experiences and later disordered eating: A 12-month longitudinal study in high school adolescents

  2023cites this paper
• Children process faces holistically with the same efficiency as adults.

  2021cites this paper
• Comparing the sensitivity of face matching assessments to detect face perception impairments.

  2021cites this paper
• The other-race effect and holistic processing across racial groups

  2021cites this paper
• Different measures of holistic face processing tap into distinct but partially overlapping mechanisms

  2021cites this paper
• Measurement of individual differences in face-identity processing abilities in older adults

  2021cites this paper
• Brain Processes While Struggling With Evidence Accumulation During Facial Emotion Recognition: An ERP Study

  2020cites this paper
• Age-related changes in amplitude, latency and specialization of ERP responses to faces and watches

  2020cites this paper
• Gaze direction biases emotion categorisation in schizophrenia

  2020cites this paper
• Intact prioritisation of unconscious face processing in schizophrenia

  2019cites this paper
• An Exploratory Model for Face Recognition Problem in Autism: An Artificial Neural Network Approach

  2019cites this paper
• The Effects of Emotion on the Holistic Processing of Faces

  2019cites this paper
• Efeito da hora-do-dia no reconhecimento de faces e no processamento holístico/local e sua relação com o cronótipo

  2019cites this paper
• Responding to joint attention bids in schizophrenia: An interactive eye-tracking study

  2019cites this paper
• Longitudinal associations between psychotic experiences and disordered eating behaviours in adolescence: a UK population-based study

  2018cites this paper
• USING THE DIAMETRICAL MODEL TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AUTISM AND PSYCHOSIS SPECTRA

  2018cites this paper
• Holistic processing of faces is intact in adults with autism spectrum disorder

  2018influential citation
• The contribution of diagnostic featural information to the recognition of emotion facial expressions : a neurocognitive approach with eye-tracking and electroencephalography

  2018cites this paper
• Etude du sentiment de familiarité chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie, impact sur le risque de comportements violents

  2017cites this paper
• Holistic integration of gaze cues in visual face and body perception: Evidence from the composite design.

  2017cites this paper
• Color Vision Losses in Autism Spectrum Disorders

  2017cites this paper
• The Role of Holistic Processing in Perceived Attractiveness

  2017cites this paper
• Face processing in autism: Reduced integration of cross-feature dynamics.

  2016cites this paper
• A construal level theory approach to health media effects

  2016cites this paper
• Word count : 2922 Running head : Reduced integration of feature dynamics in Autism Face processing in autism : Reduced integration of cross-feature dynamics

  2016cites this paper
• Sluggishness of Early-Stage Face Processing (N170) Is Correlated with Negative and General Psychiatric Symptoms in Schizophrenia

  2016cites this paper
• Turn, Turn, Turn: Perceiving Global and Local, Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotations

  2015cites this paper
• A Bayesian approach to person perception.

  2015cites this paper
• Face recognition in schizophrenia disorder: A comprehensive review of behavioral, neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies.

  2015cites this paper
• Human Perception of Visual Realism for Photo and Computer-Generated Face Images

  2014cites this paper
• The nature of holistic processing in face and object recognition: current opinions

  2014cites this paper
• Are patients with schizophrenia impaired in processing non-emotional features of human faces?

  2013influential citation