Location, formation and biosynthetic regulation of cellulases in the gliding bacteria Cytophaga hutchinsonii

1 Florida A&M University, Environmental Sciences Institute, FSH Science Research Center, 1520 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA. * Current address of author to whom correspondence should be addressed: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medical Research and Technology, 100 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Email: clouime@som.umaryland.edu, Phone: 410-706-7664, Fax: 410-706-0073. Received: 27 December 2006 / Accepted: 30 January 2006 / Published: 31 January 2006 Abstract: An analysis of the recently published genome sequence of Cytophaga hutchinsonii revealed an unusual collection of genes for an organism that can attack crystalline cellulose. Consequently, questions were being raised by cellulase scientists, as to what mechanism this organism uses to degrade its insoluble substrates. Cellulose, being a highly polymeric compound and insoluble in water, cannot enter the cell walls of microorganisms. Cellulose-degrading enzymes have therefore to be located on the surface of the cell wall or released extracellularly. The location of most cellulase enzymes has been studied. However, basic information on C. hutchinsonii cellulases is almost non-existent. In the present study, the location, formation and biosynthetic regulation of cellulases in C. hutchinsonii were demonstrated on different substrates. Various fractions isolated from C. hutchinsonii after cell rupture were assayed for carboxymethyl-cellulase activity (CMC). The cellulases were found to be predominantly cell-free during active growth on solka-flok, although 30% of activity was recorded on cell-bound enzymes. Relatively little CM-cellulase was formed when cells were grown on glucose and cellobiose. Apparently glucose or labile substrates such as cellobiose seem to repress the formation of CM-cellulase. These findings should provide some insight into possible hydrolysis mechanisms by C. hutchinsonii . Keywords: Cellulase, Cytophaga , Cell Adhesion, Enzyme Regulation and Suppression

• Publication year

  2006

• Venue

  International Journal of Molecular Sciences

• Publication date

  2006-01-31

• Fields of study

  Biology, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/I7010001
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Sequence and Expression Analyses of Cytophaga-Like Hydrolases in a Western Arctic Metagenomic Library and the Sargasso Sea

  2005cited by this paper
• The modular xylanase Xyn10A from Rhodothermus marinus is cell-attached, and its C-terminal domain has several putative homologues among cell-attached proteins within the phylum Bacteroidetes.

  2004cited by this paper
• Corn fiber hydrolysis by Thermobifida fusca extracellular enzymes

  2003cited by this paper
• Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology

  2002cited by this paper
• The cellulosome and cellulose degradation by anaerobic bacteria

  2001cited by this paper
• Identification and characterization of the gltK gene encoding a membrane-associated glucose transport protein of pseudomonas aeruginosa.

  2000cited by this paper
• Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial applications.

  1997cited by this paper
• Attack of carboxymethylcellulose at opposite ends by two cellobiohydrolases from Cellulomonas fimi

  1997cited by this paper
• Cloning of a cellulase gene from the rumen anaerobe Fibrobacter succinogenes SD35 and partial characterization of the gene product

  1996cited by this paper
• Cellulose degradation in anaerobic environments.

  1995cited by this paper
• Location and characterization of genes involved in binding of starch to the surface of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

  1992cited by this paper
• Bacterial cellulases.

  1992cited by this paper
• DNA sequences of three beta-1,4-endoglucanase genes from Thermomonospora fusca

  1991cited by this paper
• Measurement of cellulase activities

  1987cited by this paper
• Role of contact in bacterial degradation of cellulose

  1985cited by this paper
• The cellulase system of a Cytophaga species.

  1977influential reference
• Location and formation of cellulases in Trichoderma viride.

  1977cited by this paper
• The ultrastructure of the fungus Trichoderma viride and investigation of its growth on cellulose.

  1976influential reference
• A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.

  1976influential reference
• Cellulase location in Cellvibrio fulvus.

  1975cited by this paper
• Location of cellulase activity in Cellvibrio gilvus.

  1967cited by this paper
• Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.

  1951cited by this paper

• Bacterial Community in Foam-Sand Filter Media in Domestic Sewage Treatment: A Case Study of Elevated Ammonium Nitrogen Content

  2025cites this paper
• Optimasi Aktivitas Selulase Ekstraseluler Islolat Bakter EG 2 Isolasi dari Bungkil Kelapa Sawit (Elaesis guineensis jacq.)

  2021cites this paper
• Organic and mineral acid demineralizations: effects on crangon and Liocarcinus vernalis – sourced biopolymer yield and properties

  2018cites this paper
• PRODUCTION OF CELLULASE - A REVIEW

  2013cites this paper
• Ro52/SSA sensitizes cells to death receptor‐induced apoptosis by down‐regulating c‐FLIP(L)

  2012cites this paper
• Cellulose degradation system of Cytophaga hutchinsonii

  2012cites this paper
• Impact of Oxygen and Pesticides on Microbial Cellulose Degradation in Aerated Agricultural Soils: A Microscaled Analysis of Processes and Prokaryotic Populations

  2011cites this paper
• Cellulase Production by Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophic Strains (PPFMs)

  2011cites this paper
• Optimasi Aktivitas Selulase Ekstraseluler dari Isolat Bakteri RF-10

  2010cites this paper