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Climate Change Impacts and Mitigation; Abiotic Stress Impressions and Tolerance - A Perspective from Kashmir Himalayas

Salika Ramazan,Riffat John

Published 2019 in Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy

ABSTRACT

Nestled in the fragile Himalayan ecosystem, the state of Jammu and Kashmir holds a significant importance in terms of species richness, ecological wealth, water resources and socio-cultural diversity. When the climate change indicators are very visible in the region, many-sided concerns upshot thereby, especially encircling the species composition change, biodiversity loss, frequent environmental stresses, food security, landslides, snowstorms, agro-biodiversity, livelihood and human health. Other than the general footprints, climate change negatively impacts the overall performance of the plants either directly or indirectly by changing the intensity and frequency of abiotic stress factors. As diverse plant species growing in higher altitudes of the region are open to very unfavourable and harsh conditions, especially low temperature, these provide insights into different adaptive mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance and can be dissected for the same. From time to time, efforts have been made to develop stress resilient crops or climate smart agriculture. A holistic approach comprising the fields of agricultural biotechnology, socio-cultural integrity and crop ecology is going to provide an excellent insight into climate change mitigation strategies and plant abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms in the delicate ecosystem. Moreover, to finely strategize the conservation laws and policies and also for bio prospecting activities, a comprehensive knowledge on abiotic stresses associated with climate change and the counter responses of Himalayan flora is critical.

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