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Arabidopsis GCN2 kinase contributes to ABA homeostasis and stomatal immunity

Xiaoyu Liu,Taiaba Afrin,Karolina M. Pajerowska-Mukhtar

Published 2019 in Communications Biology

ABSTRACT

General Control Non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that modulates amino acid homeostasis in response to nutrient deprivation in yeast, human and other eukaryotes. However, the GCN2 signaling pathway in plants remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that in Arabidopsis, bacterial infection activates AtGCN2-mediated phosphorylation of eIF2α and promotes TBF1 translational derepression. Consequently, TBF1 regulates a subset of abscisic acid signaling components to modulate pre-invasive immunity. We show that GCN2 fine-tunes abscisic acid accumulation and signaling during both pre-invasive and post-invasive stages of an infection event. Finally, we also demonstrate that AtGCN2 participates in signaling triggered by phytotoxin coronatine secreted by P. syringae. During the preinvasive phase, AtGCN2 regulates stomatal immunity by affecting pathogen-triggered stomatal closure and coronatine-mediated stomatal reopening. Our conclusions support a conserved role of GCN2 in various forms of immune responses across kingdoms, highlighting GCN2’s importance in studies on both plant and mammalian immunology. Xiaoyu Liu et al. show that Arabidopsis GCN2 kinase plays a role in abscisic acid homeostasis and stomatal immunity by regulating stomatal closure and reopening in response to pathogenic bacteria or their toxin, respectively. This study suggests an evolutionarily conserved role for GCN2 in plant immune response.

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