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Diets involved in PPAR and PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway may contribute to neuroprotection in a traumatic brain injury

Y. Kitagishi,S. Matsuda

Published 2013 in Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ABSTRACT

Traumatic encephalopathy has emerged as a significant public health problem. Itis believed that traumatic encephalopathy is caused by exposure to repetitivebrain trauma prior to the initial symptoms of neurodegenerative disease.Therefore, prevention is important for the disease. The PI3K/AKT/PTEN(phosphoinositide-3 kinase/AKT/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted onchromosome 10) pathway has been shown to play a pivotal role in neuroprotection,enhancing cell survival by stimulating cell proliferation and inhibitingapoptosis. PTEN negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT pathways through its lipidphosphatase activity. Although PTEN has been discovered as a tumor suppressor,PTEN is also involved in several other diseases, including diabetes andAlzheimer’s disease. Dietary fish oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acidsmay induce the PTEN expression by activation of peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor. Supplementation of these natural compounds mayprovide a new therapeutic approach to the brain disorder. We review recentstudies on the features of several diets and the signaling pathways involved intraumatic encephalopathy.

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