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Linking Global Warming, Metabolic Rate of Hematophagous Vectors, and the Transmission of Infectious Diseases

C. Rolandi,P. E. Schilman

Published 2012 in Front. Physio.

ABSTRACT

Climate is under constant change. In addition to its natural variability, there is plenty of evidence suggesting persistent changes overtime produced by external forces, such as anthropogenic activities. These changes are observed on patterns of precipitation and temperature, among others (Crowley, 2000). Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have been recorded since the beginning of the twentieth century. The hypothesis that changes in CO2 concentration of the atmosphere could be responsible for climate deviations, first proposed by Arrhenius (1896), is now known as the greenhouse effect. Much research has been done finding a connection between the rise of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse-effect gases) to increases in the global mean temperatures. Energy balance model studies show that temperature changes during the past 100 years cannot be explained by natural factors alone (such as solar irradiation and volcanism). Global mean temperatures have increased by 0.74 ± 0.18°C during the period 1906–2005, while average CO2 levels increased from 280 ppm before the industrial revolution to 379 ppm in 2005 (IPCC, 2007). Moreover, it has been documented that this mean increase in temperature is produced by a rise in the minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrower diurnal temperature range (Easterling, 1997).

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