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Physiological responses to soil lime in wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris)

J. Cambrollé,J. García,M. E. Figueroa,M. Cantos

Published 2014 in Environmental and Experimental Botany

ABSTRACT

Abstract Lime-induced chlorosis is a widespread nutritional disorder affecting grapevines cultivated in calcareous soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the response of Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris to soil lime by evaluating the effects of a range of soil CaCO 3 contents (0–60%) on plant growth, nutrient content (iron, potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus) and photosynthetic performance (gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic pigments). The highest soil CaCO 3 concentration induced nutrient imbalances and significantly inhibited photosynthetic function, causing a reduction in carbon gain and consequently, a drastic growth reduction and high mortality. However, all the plants survived external CaCO 3 contents of up to 40%, and reduction in growth at 20% CaCO 3 was slightly lower than that recorded in several previously studied lime-tolerant varieties of grapevine. Plants grown at 20% CaCO 3 maintained net photosynthesis values of around 6 μmol m −2  s −1 , a similar chlorophyll content to that of the control plants and dawn F v / F m values close to the optimal values for unstressed plants. Up to the 40% CaCO 3 treatment, the study species was capable of maintaining Fe uptake by the roots and translocation to leaves, while controlling the nutritional status of N and P. Our study indicates that the studied population of V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris could provide a source of genetic diversity for lime tolerance improvement in grapevine.

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