Phage resistance evolution in vitro is not reflective of in vivo outcome in a plant‐bacteria‐phage system *

The evolution of resistance to parasites is fundamentally important to disease ecology, yet we remain unable to predict when and how resistance will evolve. This is largely due to the context‐dependent nature of host‐parasite interactions, as the benefit of resistance will depend on the abiotic and biotic environment. Through experimental evolution of the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae and two lytic bacteriophages across two different environments (high‐nutrient media and the tomato leaf apoplast), we demonstrate that de novo evolution of resistance is negligible in planta despite high levels of resistance evolution in vitro. We find no evidence supporting the evolution of phage‐selected resistance in planta despite multiple passaging experiments, multiple assays for resistance, and high multiplicities of infection. Additionally, we find that phage‐resistant mutants (evolved in vitro) did not realize a fitness benefit over phage‐sensitive cells when grown in planta in the presence of phage, despite reduced growth of sensitive cells, evidence of phage replication in planta, and a large fitness benefit in the presence of phage observed in vitro. Thus, this context‐dependent benefit of phage resistance led to different evolutionary outcomes across environments. These results underscore the importance of studying the evolution of parasite resistance in ecologically relevant environments.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Evolution; international journal of organic evolution

• Publication date

  2019-12-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1111/evo.13833PMID 31433508
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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