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Geographic pattern of allozyme and inversion polymorphism on chromosome O of Drosophila subobscura and its evolutionary origin

W. Rinsker,D. Sperlich

Published 1981 in Genetica

ABSTRACT

The chromosome O of Drosophila subobscura was studied with respect to genetic variability at three enzyme loci (Odh, Me, and Lap-4) and with respect to inversion polymorphism. Population samples were taken from seven localities along a north-south gradient from Sweden and Scotland to Tunisia.The chromosomal analysis revealed clinal frequency changes for gene arrangements from north to south. With the enzyme loci Odh and Me allele frequencies are similar throughout the distribution range. Both loci are located outside the common inversion complex O3+4. On the other hand, frequency changes parallel to those of the gene arrangements were observed for the alleles of the Lap-locus. Nonrandom associations between Lap-alleles and the superimposed gene arrangements OST, O3+4, O3+4+8, and O3+4+23 were found. These gene arrangements differ from each other with respect to allele frequencies at the Lap-locus but for a given gene arrangement the relative frequencies of Lap-alleles remain relatively constant along the north-south gradient. Thus allele frequencies at the Lap-locus can be predicted from inversion frequencies.These observations can be interpreted in such a way that the pattern of allozyme variation within gene arrangements is due to founder effects caused by the unique origin of inversions. The gene blocks in the different inversions seem to represent more or less separated gene pools. In polymorphic populations the coexistence of genetically differentiated inversions presumably gives rise to heterotic interaction.

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