Bacteriological Profile of Burn Wounds And Their Antibiogram

A prospective study was carried out in 100 burns patients admitted in burns unit of S.V.R.R.Government general hospital,Tirupati over a period of one year from October 2016 to August 2017 to evaluate time related changes in aerobic bacteria colonization and their susceptibility pattern. Introduction: A burn is a wound in which there is coagulative necrosis of the tissue, majority of which are caused by heat. Burn injury is a major public health problem in many areas of the world. Burns predispose to infection by damaging the protective barrier function of the skin, thus facilitating the entry of pathogenic microorganisms and by inducing systemic immunosuppression. (1) Objective: The present study was therefore undertaken to isolate and identify the aerobic bacterial flora in burn patients and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Material & Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted with different degree of burns were studied. Wound swabs were taken with aseptic precautions by dry sterile cotton swab sticks. These swabs were transported to the microbiology laboratory immediately .The isolates were identified based on standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Result: A total of 129 bacterial pathogens were isolated from 100 patients. Of these, 68% were monomicrobial in nature and 27% were polymicrobial. The most frequent cause of infection was found to be Staphylococcus aureus (38.8%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.2%), Klebsiella pneumonia(14.6%), E.coli(9.8%) and Acinetobacter species(8.6%).Out of the total Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 21{42%} were Methicillin sensitive and 29{58%} were Methicillin resistant (MRSA). All the MRSA strains were 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were most sensitive to Amikacin (94.4%), Fluroquinolones (61.1%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were major causes of infection in burn wounds. Therefore it is necessary to implement urgent measures for restriction of nosocomial infections, sensible limitation on the use of antimicrobial agents, strict disinfection and hygiene.

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