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Detección y genotipificación de Pneumocystis jirovecii en muestras de pacientes mexicanos VIH positivos y negativos.

Amanda Alcántara-Mojica,Laurence Delhaes,Fabiola Ramírez-Corona,Edith Sánchez-Paredes,Érika Córdova-Martínez,Fernando Rosalío Morales-Villarreal,Sigfrido Sierra-Galván,F. Hernandez-hernandez

Published 2019 in Gaceta Médica de México

ABSTRACT

Introduction Pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical fungus particularly detected in HIV-positive or transplant patients. Objective To detect and genotype Pneumocystis jirovecii in patient samples from two hospitals in Mexico City. Method Eighty-nine respiratory tract samples, corresponding to 53 patients (30 HIV-positive and 23 HIV-negative) with respiratory symptoms and to 11 healthy individuals included as negative control, were processed. DNA was extracted from the ITS region and amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction from the internal transcribed spacer, with one fragment being obtained at each round (693 and 550 bp). Genotypes and their phylogenetic relationship were determined by sequencing the 550 bp fragment. Results Forty-eight samples from 30 HIV-positive patients were received from a single hospital, out of which 11 (36.6 %) were positive for Pneumocystis jirovecii. No sample was positive in HIV-negative patients or healthy subjects. The most frequently detected haplotypes were Eg and Em. Conclusions The frequency of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection was high in the studied Mexican population. The most common genotype was different from those reported in other countries. It is necessary to address this health problem through early detection of this infection.

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