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Competition At The Soybean V6 Stage Affects Root Morphology And Biochemical Constitution.

A. P. Rockenbach,M. A. Rizzardi

Published 2019 in Plant biology

ABSTRACT

(1) The experiment was conducted in the 2016/17 crop season in a greenhouse at Passo Fundo University, Brazil. We hypothesized that the morphological characteristics and the biochemical and anatomical constitution of soybean roots and shoots, when competing with weeds at different periods, are negatively altered, so current concepts of competition between plants should also consider changes in the roots. (2) The soybean cultivar P 95R51 and the horseweed were used. The treatments consisted of the presence or absence of weeds and different coexistence periods of soybeans with horseweed. The periods were V0-V3, V0-V6, V0-R2, V3-R6, V6-R6 and R2-R6, where V0 was the date of soybean sowing, and V3, V6, R2 and R6 were phenological stages of the crop. Two fresh roots were used for morphological traits. Four roots used for quantification of dry matter and secondary metabolites. (3) Root length was reduced by 21, 14 and 20% when competing with a weed in the V0-V3, V0-V6 and R2-R6 coexistence periods, respectively. Total phenol content in the V0-V6 and V0-R2 periods was reduced when plants were in competition with weeds; a similar trend was found for flavonoids in the V0-V6 period. (4) Soybean-horseweed competition from the crop emergence to the V6 stage, in general, affects the shoot and root morphological traits and the biochemical constitution of soybean roots. The presence of horseweed from the V3, V6 and R2 stages does not negatively alter the traits evaluated. Root anatomical constitution is not modified by coexistence periods with horseweed.

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