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EXPERIMENTAL SUBUNIT VACCINE AGAINST CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER DEVELOPMENT AND TRIAL

K. Alekseev,Llc Vetbiochem

Published 2019 in Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya

ABSTRACT

non-replicating marker vaccines, allowing the differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA). Here we first report results of recombinant E2 protein-based vaccine formulations trial in Russian Federation, where optimal administration protocol, adjuvant, dosage of specific component were selected. From the formulations tested, safe and effective vaccine formulation was selected, that needs to be tested for antigen stability and immunity duration in vaccinated animals, and then un- dergo clinical trial on farm. The aim of our study is the development of the vaccine based on CSFV recombinant surface glycoprotein E2 according to requirements for the country/region free of CSFV. We performed the series of animal trials on Sus scrofa Landrace-Duroc breed (total number of pigs 84, divided into 9 experimental and 2 control groups) to assess the vaccination schedule, antigen dosage, and choice of adjuvant. Highly pathogenic CSFV Shi-Men strain was used for challenge in LD 50 dose Double parenteral administration of 10  g or 30  g of antigen as well as single administration of 30 or 60  g of E2 had not provided sufficient level of protec- tion. Oil adjuvant was reactogenic at the inoculation spot even when used once, while polymeric adjuvant has not produced local or systemic reactions after the administration single time or twice. Double administration with the vaccine containing 60 µg of the antigen and polymeric adjuvant has completely protected pigs from the death after the challenge, while in non-vaccinated/challenged control group 5 out of 11 animals died within 14 days post-challenge. Vaccinated animals had less pronounced fever that lasted shorter (rise of the rectal temperature was delayed for 2 days, release of fever 2 days before the control challenge group), frequency and longevity of viremia and virus shed-ding in nasal swabs were significantly (p  0.05) reduced as compared to inoculated control piglets. Animals in this vaccinated group gained weight every day after the challenge, being slightly behind non-vaccinated/non-challenged controls. The high levels of antibodies against E2 protein were detected in sera of vaccinated animals before the challenge and they all were negative for antibodies to E rns pro-1237 CSFV.

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