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Vitamin D levels correlate with Metabolic Syndrome Criteria in Algerian Patients: The Ex-vivo Immuomodulatory Effect of α, 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3.

M. Bouchemal,D. Hakem,M. Azzouz,C. Touil-Boukoffa,D. Mezioug

Published 2020 in Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders with increased risks for several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. It is associated with the presence of various inflammatory molecules. Vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism homeostasis. OBJECTIVE The main goal of this work is to investigate vitamin D levels among Algerian MetS patients and its possible outcomes on key molecules of the immune response, as well, the immunemodulatory effects of its active metabolite. METHODS In this context, we evaluated the vitamin D status by electrochemiluminescence method, Nitric Oxide (NO) levels by the Griess method and extracellular. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) activities such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography in plasma of patients and healthy controls (HC). The immunmodulatory effects of the active metabolite of vitamin D (α-25 (OH)2D3) on the production of NO, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and s-CTLA-4 was assessed by Griess method and ELISA, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of Algerian MetS patients and HC. MMPs activities were also determinated ex-vivo, while iNOS expression was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Severe vitamin D deficiency was registered in Algerian MetS patients, the deficiency was found to be associated with an elevated in vivo NO production and high MMPs activity. Interestingly,on α-25 (OH)2D3 declined the NO/iNOS system and IL-6 production, as well as MMPs activities. However, the ex-vivo production of IL-10, TGF-β increased in response to the treatment. We observed in the same way, the implication of s-CTLA-4 in MetS, which was markedly up regulated with α-25 (OH)2D3. CONCLUSION Our report indicated the relationship between MetS factors and Vitamin D deficiency. The ex-vivo findings emphasize its impact on maintaining regulated immune balance.

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