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Plasma rich in growth factors reduces blue light-induced oxidative damage on retinal pigment epithelial cells and restores their homeostasis by modulating vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelium-derived factor expression.

E. Anitua,M. de la Fuente,S. del Olmo-Aguado,C. Suárez-Barrio,J. Merayo-Lloves,F. Muruzábal

Published 2020 in Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND To analyze the effectiveness of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in reducing the oxidative stress induced by blue-light exposition on retinal pigment epithelial cells. METHODS Blood from six healthy donors was collected to obtain the PRGF. Retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells were exposed to blue light. Then, cells were incubated with PRGF or with control for 24- and 48-hours maintaining exposure to blue light. The cytoprotective effect of PRGF on ARPE cells was evaluated by measuring the cell viability, the ROS production, and the expression of different proteins like heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). RESULTS The cell viability increased significantly at 24 and 48 hours after PRGF treatment compared to the control group. ROS synthesis was significantly reduced in PRGF-treated cells with respect to control. Furthermore, the levels of HO-1, SOD-1 and AIF were significantly reduced after PRGF treatment at both times of treatment. However, catalase levels were only significantly reduced after PRGF treatment at 48 h. The high expression of VEGF by RPE cells exposed to blue light was only counterbalanced in the PRGF group by increasing the expression of PEDF in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION The present results show that PRGF treatment reduce the cytotoxic effects induced in RPE cells exposed to an oxidative stress environment. Furthermore, PRGF treatment preserves the mitochondrial activity and cell viability of RPE cells subjected to an oxidative stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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