SCIENCE@home

Associations between exposure to heavy metals and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

C. Jalili,M. Kazemi,Hefa Cheng,H. Mohammadi,Atefeh Babaei,Ensiyeh Taheri,S. Moradi

Published 2021 in Critical Reviews in Toxicology

ABSTRACT

Abstract We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between heavy metals (HMs) exposure and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Databases of Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus were searched through June 2020 to identify studies assessing the relationships between exposure to HMs (i.e. cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury) and the risk of CKD, evaluated by decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or increased proteinuria risks in adults (≥18 years). Data were pooled by random-effects models and expressed as weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. The risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS). Twenty-eight eligible articles (n = 107,539 participants) were included. Unlike eGFR risk (p = 0.10), Cadmium exposure was associated with an increased proteinuria risk (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.61; p < 0.001; I 2 = 79.7%). Lead exposure was associated with decreased eGFR (OR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.22; p = 0.008; I 2 = 87.8%) and increased proteinuria (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.49; p = 0.02; I 2 = 79.6) risks. Further, arsenic exposure was linked to a decreased eGFR risk (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.28; p = 0.03; I 2 = 89.1%) in contrast to mercury exposure (p = 0.89). Only two studies reported the link between arsenic exposure and proteinuria risk, while no study reported the link between mercury exposure and proteinuria risk. Exposure to cadmium, lead, and arsenic may increase CKD risk in adults, albeit studies were heterogeneous, warranting further investigations. Our observations support the consideration of these associations for preventative, diagnostic, monitoring, and management practices of CKD.

PUBLICATION RECORD

CITATION MAP

EXTRACTION MAP

CLAIMS

  • No claims are published for this paper.

CONCEPTS

  • No concepts are published for this paper.

REFERENCES

Showing 1-97 of 97 references · Page 1 of 1

CITED BY

Showing 1-100 of 100 citing papers · Page 1 of 1