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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Seroprevalence and Incidence and Growth of Ultrasound-Diagnosed Uterine Fibroids in a Large Population of Young African-American Women.

Kristen R. Moore,Q. Harmon,D. Baird

Published 2021 in American Journal of Epidemiology

ABSTRACT

Reproductive tract infections have long been hypothesized risk factors for fibroid development, but few studies have investigated it. In our 2016 cross-sectional analysis from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids (2010-2018), a large Detroit community-based cohort of 23-35 year-old African-American women with ultrasound fibroid screening, we found no association between a very prevalent reproductive tract infection, herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), and fibroids. With prospective data from the cohort (ultrasounds every 20-months over 5 years), we examined HSV-2's associations with fibroid incidence (among 1,208 women fibroid-free at baseline) and growth (among women with fibroids at baseline or during the study). We computed adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incidence comparing HSV-2 seropositive vs. seronegative using Cox proportional hazards models. HSV-2's influence on growth was assessed based on the difference in a fibroid's size between successive ultrasounds (1,323 growth measures) using a linear mixed model, estimating the percent difference in growth scaled to 18 months. HSV-2 seropositivity was not associated with fibroid incidence (aHR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.12) or growth 3.1% (95% CI: -5.8, 13.0). Women can be reassured that HSV-2 is unlikely to increase their risk of fibroid-related health problems, given these longitudinal measures.

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