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Damage-associated Molecular Patterns in Clinical and Animal Models of Uveitis

H. Kaplan,Deming Sun,H. Shao

Published 2021 in Ocular immunology and inflammation

ABSTRACT

Non-infectious autoimmune uveitis (NIU) in man is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation of the uveal tract and adjacent ocular structures. 1 The disease course can be acute (sudden onset and limited duration), chronic (persistent inflammation or relapse < 3 months after discontinuing treatment) or recurrent (repeated episodes sepa-rated by periods of inactivity without treatment > 3 months’ duration). 2 Acute uveitis can spontaneously resolve, whereas chronic and recurrent uveitis often results in cystoid macular edema with photoreceptor damage in the fovea. As a result, uveitis is one of the major causes of visual loss and accounts for 10 to 15% of visual disability in the Western world. 3 Within the working age group (21–65 years old), it is the second leading cause of preventable visual loss, surpassed only by diabetic retinopathy. 4 First line therapy to suppress inflammation con-sists of local or systemic corticosteroids. If uveitis is non-responsive or oral prednisone therapy ≥ 10 mg/day is required, immunosuppression is frequently used to prevent the long-term adverse effects of inflammation and chronic corticosteroid use. Therapeutic include calcineurin

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