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Anthraquinones from Aloe spp. inhibit Cryptococcus neoformans sensu stricto: effects against growing and mature biofilms

Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco,Géssica dos Santos Araújo,Xhaulla Maria Quariguasi Cunha Fonseca,Gláucia Morgana de Melo Guedes,M. G. da Rocha,R. Brilhante,R. de Aguiar Cordeiro,J. Sidrim,W. Pereira-Neto,M. Rocha

Published 2021 in Biofouling (Print)

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of aloe emodin, barbaloin and chrysophanol on growing and mature biofilms of Cryptococcus neoformans sensu stricto. The compounds were added at the moment of inducing biofilm growth or after growth for 72 h to evaluate their effects on growing and mature biofilms, respectively. Then, biofilm biomass was evaluated by crystal violet staining and metabolic activity by the XTT reduction assay. Morphological alterations were also evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Aloe emodin and barbaloin affected growing biofilms and disrupted mature biofilms, reducing metabolic activity by > 60% and biomass by > 70%. Chrysophanol only inhibited mature biofilms, but to a lesser extent. In conclusion, anthraquinones, especially aloe emodin and barbaloin, show a relevant effect against growing and mature biofilms of C. neoformans sensu stricto.

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