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C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 and incident clinical depression.

Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya,F. Mirzaei,É. O’Reilly,M. Lucas,O. Okereke,F. Hu,E. Rimm,A. Ascherio

Published 2014 in Journal of Affective Disorders

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Despite an extensive literature on the role of inflammation and depression, few studies have evaluated the association between inflammatory biomarkers and depression in a prospective manner, and results are inconclusive. METHODS We conducted a prospective analysis of blood levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNFα-R2 in 4756 women participating in the Nurses׳ Health Study who donated blood in 1990 and were depression-free up to 1996. Participants were followed between 1996 and 2008 for reports of clinical diagnosis depression or antidepressant use. Additionally, we conducted cross-sectional analyses for CRP, IL-6 and TNFα-R2 and antidepressant use at time of blood draw. RESULTS After adjustment for body mass index, menopause status, use of anti-inflammatory drugs and other covariates, no significant associations between CRP, IL-6 and TNFα-R2 and incident depression were observed after a follow-up of 6-18 years. However, menopause status appears to modify the association between IL-6 and depression risk. In cross-sectional analyses, TNFα-R2 was associated with antidepressant use (OR=1.96, 95% CI=1.23-3.13, P-trend=0.001), but no significant associations were found for CRP and IL-6. LIMITATIONS Depression diagnosis was first assessed in 1996, 6 years after blood draw. However the biomarkers have high within-person correlations with measurements 4 years apart. CONCLUSIONS Blood levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNFα-R2 were not associated with incident depression over a follow-up of 6-18 years. In cross-sectional analyses, antidepressant use may be associated with higher levels of TNFα-R2 but no associations with depression or antidepressant use were observed in the prospective analysis.

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