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Understanding Public Perceptions Regarding Cochlear Implant Surgery in Adults

Lisa Zhang,Andy S. Ding,Deborah X. Xie,Francis X Creighton

Published 2022 in Otology and Neurotology

ABSTRACT

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Background and Objective: Approximately 6% of adults eligible for cochlear implantation (CI) undergo surgery. This study aims to understand how general perceptions about CI contribute to barriers causing this low utilization rate. Methods: Participants completed an online survey regarding their perceptions about cochlear implantation. They were asked to rank CIQOL-10 Global priorities and corresponding risk tolerance for minor complications (changes in taste, vertigo) and major complications (infections requiring hospitalization, meningitis, reimplantation, facial paralysis, and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] leak). Results: A total of 615 responses (female 55%, mean age 39 years [range 20–78]) were included. Respondents identified issues with insurance (46%) and fear of undergoing surgery (21%) as barriers preventing eligible adults from receiving CI. Regarding surgical risk, respondents significantly underestimated rates of minor complications (p < 0.0001) and almost all major complications (all p < 0.0001) while overestimating rates of serious infections and need for reimplantation (both p < 0.005). The ability to hear strangers in noisy environments was identified as the highest priority for CI (26%). Individuals who knew someone with a cochlear implantation were willing to tolerate higher rates of all minor and major complications (all p < 0.05). Healthcare workers were similarly willing to tolerate significantly higher rates of meningitis, facial paralysis, and CSF leak to achieve their highest priority (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Respondents identify insurance coverage and fear of surgery as primary reasons for low utilization of adult CI in the United States. However, healthcare workers or those who knew someone with a cochlear implantation indicated significantly higher rates of risk tolerance to achieve their highest quality of life priorities, indicating the potential that the benefits of cochlear implantation are underappreciated in the general population.

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