Methylphenidate significantly improves neurocognitive impairments in children with ADHD.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on scores on a neurocognitive test battery for individuals with various presentations of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the effect of comorbidities on executive function. This study included 861 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years who were diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-V criteria. The CNS Vital Signs Battery was utilized to compare the neuropsychological characteristics and MPH treatment responses of patients with predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) and combined (ADHD-C) presentations of ADHD. Before MPH administration, a statistically significant difference was observed between groups only for complex attention. In addition, the overall prevalence rate of psychiatric comorbidities was 45.5%, and no statistically significant differences were found in the ADHD-I group pre- versus post-MPH administration. Prior to the administration of MPH, statistically significant differences were observed within the ADHD-C group between those with or without comorbidities. However, after MPH administration, these differences between the groups disappeared. The effects of MPH on improving scores on neuropsychological subtests were similar between the groups with different presentations of ADHD. Additionally, MPH treatment was effective despite the presence of comorbidities.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Psychiatry Research

• Publication date

  2022-03-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114492PMID 35306379
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Psychiatric Comorbidity and Demographic Characteristics of 1,000 Children and Adolescents With ADHD in Turkey

  2019cited by this paper
• Errors on a computer task and subclinical symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

  2018cited by this paper
• Differential Response to Methylphenidate in Inattentive and Combined Subtype ADHD

  2017cited by this paper
• Attention and Executive Function in Children Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Disorders.

  2017cited by this paper
• Effects of methylphenidate on executive functioning in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan: a meta-regression analysis

  2016cited by this paper
• Neurocognitive Predictors of ADHD Outcome: a 6-Year Follow-up Study

  2016cited by this paper
• Neuropsychological deficits in preschool as predictors of ADHD symptoms and academic achievement in late adolescence

  2015cited by this paper
• Executive Functioning Theory and ADHD

  2014cited by this paper
• Effect of Methylphenidate on Neurocognitive Test Battery: An Evaluation According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Subtypes

  2014cited by this paper
• Event-rate effects in the flanker task: ERPs and task performance in children with and without AD/HD.

  2013cited by this paper
• A New Understanding of ADHD in Children and Adults: Executive Function Impairments

  2013cited by this paper
• Effect of methylphenidate on motivation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  2011cited by this paper
• Executive Functioning Characteristics Associated with ADHD Comorbidity in Adolescents with Disruptive Behavior Disorders

  2011cited by this paper
• Stimulant Drug Response in the Predominantly Inattentive and Combined Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

  2009cited by this paper
• The neural correlates of deficient error awareness in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

  2009cited by this paper
• Recent developments in neuropsychological models of childhood psychiatric disorders

  2008cited by this paper
• [Soft neurological signs: are they of any value in the assessment and diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?].

  2008cited by this paper
• Response Inhibition and Response Selection: Two Sides of the Same Coin

  2008cited by this paper
• Subtype differences in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with regard to ADHD-symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial adjustment

  2008cited by this paper
• Neuropsychological function in adolescent girls with conduct disorder.

  2008cited by this paper
• Efficacy of methylphenidate, psychosocial treatments and their combination in school-aged children with ADHD: a meta-analysis.

  2008cited by this paper
• The role of neuropsychologic tests in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

  2007cited by this paper
• Impaired cognitive flexibility and motor inhibition in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

  2007cited by this paper
• The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis.

  2007cited by this paper
• Reliability and validity of a computerized neurocognitive test battery, CNS Vital Signs.

  2006cited by this paper
• Executive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  2006cited by this paper
• The Relevance of the Still Lectures to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

  2006cited by this paper
• Children with oppositional-defiant disorder display deviant attentional processing independent of ADHD symptoms

  2006cited by this paper
• Anxious-depression in boys: an evaluation of executive functioning.

  2005cited by this paper
• Subtle Executive Impairment in Children with Autism and Children with ADHD

  2005cited by this paper
• Executive functions and methylphenidate response in subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  2005cited by this paper
• Impact of executive function deficits and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on academic outcomes in children.

  2004cited by this paper
• Executive function and ADHD: A comparison of children’s performance during neuropsychological testing and real-world activities

  2004cited by this paper
• Reliability and Validity of Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version-Turkish Version (K-SADS-PL-T) -

  2004cited by this paper
• Relationship between motor proficiency, attention, impulse, and activity in children with ADHD

  2004cited by this paper
• Continuous Performance Test Performance in a Normative Epidemiological Sample

  2003cited by this paper
• Relations Between Continuous Performance Test Performance Measures and ADHD Behaviors

  2003cited by this paper
• The Effect of Methylphenidate on Three Forms of Response Inhibition in Boys with AD/HD

  2003cited by this paper
• Methylphenidate improves response inhibition in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  2003cited by this paper
• Effects of methylphenidate on functional magnetic resonance relaxometry of the cerebellar vermis in boys with ADHD.

  2002cited by this paper
• How specific is a deficit of executive functioning for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

  2002cited by this paper
• Response Inhibition in Children With DSM-IV Subtypes of AD/HD and Related Disruptive Disorders: The Role of Reward

  2001cited by this paper
• ADHD comorbidity findings from the MTA study: comparing comorbid subgroups.

  2001cited by this paper
• Explaining adolescent exercise behavior change: A longitudinal application of the transtheoretical model

  2001cited by this paper
• Development of A Test Battery for the Assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

  2001cited by this paper
• Do Executive Function Deficits Differentiate Between Adolescents with ADHD and Oppositional Defiant/Conduct Disorder? A Neuropsychological Study Using the Six Elements Test and Hayling Sentence Completion Test

  2000cited by this paper
• Cognitive and familial contributions to conduct disorder in children.

  2000cited by this paper
• Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: constructing a unifying theory of ADHD.

  1997cited by this paper
• A Critique of Current Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Clinical and Research Implications

  1990cited by this paper

• Differentiating ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder through Synapsin III gene polymorphisms and neurocognitive profiles.

  2026cites this paper
• Rare genetic variants confer a high risk of ADHD and implicate neuronal biology

  2025cites this paper
• Differentiating pure cognitive disengagement syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-restrictive inattentive presentation with respect to depressive symptoms, autistic traits, and neurocognitive profiles.

  2025cites this paper
• Conocimiento y uso de estrategias pedagógicas para estudiantes con TDAH en profesores y estudiantes de Pedagogía en Educación Media en Inglés en Chile

  2025cites this paper
• Methylphenidate differentially alters corticostriatal connectivity after traumatic brain injury

  2024cites this paper
• Commentary: Using QbTest for monitoring pharmacological treatment response in ADHD – are we there yet?

  2024cites this paper
• Role of adenosine in the pathophysiology and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

  2024cites this paper
• Traditional Chinese Medicine Research on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:Theory, treatment and mechanism

  2024cites this paper
• Assessing the mediating relationships between psychological factors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome

  2024cites this paper
• The Comparison of Psychological Factors and Executive Functions of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome to ADHD and ADHD Comorbid with Oppositional Defiant Disorder

  2024cites this paper
• The relationships of neuropsychological factors and loneliness preference in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome

  2023cites this paper
• Investigating the effects of age, IQ, dosing, and anthropometric measures on the treatment persistence in long-term methylphenidate use

  2022cites this paper