Biomarker-Determined Nonylphenol Exposure and Associated Risks in Children of Thailand, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia.

Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor and environmental contaminant. Yet, data on individual body burdens and potential health risks in humans, especially among children, are scarce. We analyzed two specific urinary NP metabolites, hydroxy-NP (OH-NP) and oxo-NP. In contrast to parent NP, OH-NP has a much higher urinary excretion fraction (Fue), and both are insusceptible to external contamination. We investigated spot urine samples from school children of Thailand (n = 104), Indonesia (n = 89), and Saudi Arabia (n = 108) and could quantify OH-NP in 100% of Indonesian and Saudi children (median concentrations: 8.12 and 8.57 μg/L) and in 76% of Thai children (1.07 μg/L). Median oxo-NP concentrations were 0.95, 1.10, and <0.25 μg/L, respectively, in line with its lower Fue. Median daily NP intakes (DIs), back-calculated from urinary OH-NP concentrations, were significantly higher in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia [0.47 and 0.36 μg/(kg bw·d), respectively] than in Thailand [0.06 μg/(kg bw·d)]. Maximum DIs were close to the preliminary tolerable DI of 5 μg/(kg bw·d) from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. Dominant sources of exposure or relevant exposure pathways could not be readily identified by questionnaire analyses and also potentially varied by region. The novel biomarkers provide long-needed support to the quantitative exposure and risk assessment of NP.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Environmental Science and Technology

• Publication date

  2022-07-08

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1021/acs.est.2c01404PMID 35801963
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Nonylphenol exposure in 7-year-old Japanese children between 2012 and 2017- Estimation of daily intakes based on novel urinary metabolites.

  2022cited by this paper
• Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - Human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey 2014-2017 (GerES V).

  2021cited by this paper
• Occurrence and distribution of endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals in the river Bouregreg (Rabat, Morocco).

  2021cited by this paper
• The German Environmental Survey for Children and Adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V) - Study population, response rates and representativeness.

  2021cited by this paper
• Determination of specific urinary nonylphenol metabolites by online-SPE-LC-MS/MS as novel human exposure biomarkers.

  2021cited by this paper
• Urinary Concentrations of Major Phthalate and Alternative Plasticizer Metabolites in Children of Thailand, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia, and Associated Risks.

  2021cited by this paper
• Gastrointestinal and respiratory exposure of water birds to endocrine disrupting phenolic compounds.

  2021cited by this paper
• Chemical prioritisation strategy in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) - Development and results.

  2021cited by this paper
• Human Metabolism and Urinary Excretion Kinetics of Nonylphenol in Three Volunteers after a Single Oral Dose.

  2021cited by this paper
• Determination of Endocrine-Disrupting Nonylphenols and Nonylphenol Carboxylates by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Levels in German Food after Restriction

  2021cited by this paper
• Parabens in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey 2014-2017 (GerES V).

  2020cited by this paper
• Which chemicals should be grouped together for mixture risk assessments of male reproductive disorders?

  2020cited by this paper
• Bayesian inference of nonylphenol exposure for assessing human dietary risk.

  2020cited by this paper
• Time course of phthalate cumulative risks to male developmental health over a 27-year period: Biomonitoring samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank.

  2020cited by this paper
• Histological Analysis of Reproductive System in Low-Dose Nonylphenol-treated F1 Female Mice

  2020cited by this paper
• Occurrence of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in the eastern cape province of South Africa

  2020cited by this paper
• Benefits of cooperation among large-scale cohort studies and human biomonitoring projects in environmental health research: An exercise in blood lead analysis of the Environment and Child Health International Birth Cohort Group.

  2019cited by this paper
• Dietary intake of 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A in Taiwanese population: Integrated risk assessment based on probabilistic and sensitive approach.

  2019cited by this paper
• Adverse Effect of Nonylphenol on the Reproductive System in F1 Male Mice: A Subchronic Low-Dose Exposure Model

  2019cited by this paper
• Human biomonitoring in health risk assessment in Europe: Current practices and recommendations for the future.

  2019cited by this paper
• Refined reference doses and new procedures for phthalate mixture risk assessment focused on male developmental toxicity.

  2019cited by this paper
• Endocrine-disrupting metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates - A critical review of analytical methods, environmental occurrences, toxicity, and regulation.

  2018cited by this paper
• Maternal transfer of phenol derivatives in the Baltic grey seal Halichoerus grypus grypus.

  2018cited by this paper
• Urinary Levels of 4-Nonylphenol and 4-t-Octylphenol in a Representative Sample of the Korean Adult Population

  2017cited by this paper
• An Isomer-Specific Approach to Endocrine-Disrupting Nonylphenol in Infant Food.

  2017cited by this paper
• Analysis and occurrence of some phenol endocrine disruptors in two marine sites of the northern coast of Sicily (Italy).

  2017cited by this paper
• Medaka extended one‐generation reproduction test evaluating 4‐nonylphenol

  2017cited by this paper
• Cumulative effects of antiandrogenic chemical mixtures and their relevance to human health risk assessment.

  2017cited by this paper
• New human biomonitoring methods for chemicals of concern-the German approach to enhance relevance.

  2017cited by this paper
• Occurrence of alkylphenols and bisphenol A in wild mussel samples from the Spanish Atlantic coast and Bay of Biscay.

  2016cited by this paper
• Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Urinary Nonylphenol Levels: A Case-Control Study in Taiwanese Children

  2016cited by this paper
• Non-phthalate plasticizers in German daycare centers and human biomonitoring of DINCH metabolites in children attending the centers (LUPE 3).

  2016cited by this paper
• Occurrence of nonylphenol and bisphenol A in household water pipes made of different materials

  2016cited by this paper
• Variation in urinary spot sample, 24 h samples, and longer-term average urinary concentrations of short-lived environmental chemicals: implications for exposure assessment and reverse dosimetry

  2016cited by this paper
• The effects of phthalate and nonylphenol exposure on body size and secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.

  2015cited by this paper
• Characteristics of nonylphenol and bisphenol A accumulation by fish and implications for ecological and human health.

  2015cited by this paper
• Bisphenol A and nonylphenol in foodstuffs: Chinese dietary exposure from the 2007 total diet study and infant health risk from formulas.

  2015cited by this paper
• Dietary exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in metropolitan population from China: a risk assessment based on probabilistic approach.

  2015cited by this paper
• Urinary levels of eight phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A in mother-child pairs from two Spanish locations.

  2015cited by this paper
• LC-MS/MS analytical procedure to quantify tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, as a source of the endocrine disruptors 4-nonylphenols, in food packaging materials

  2014cited by this paper
• A Survey of Alkylphenols, Bisphenols, and Triclosan in Personal Care Products from China and the United States

  2014cited by this paper
• 4-Nonylphenol, bisphenol-A and triclosan levels in human urine of children and students in China, and the effects of drinking these bottled materials on the levels.

  2013cited by this paper
• Urinary excretion of phthalate metabolites, phenols and parabens in rural and urban Danish mother-child pairs.

  2013cited by this paper
• 4-Nonylphenol and bisphenol A in Swedish food and exposure in Swedish nursing women.

  2012cited by this paper
• The distribution of 4-nonylphenol in marine organisms of North American Pacific Coast estuaries.

  2012cited by this paper
• Occurrence of Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol Monoethoxylate in Soil and Vegetables from Vegetable Farms in the Pearl River Delta, South China

  2012cited by this paper
• Recent trends in biomonitoring of bisphenol A, 4-t-octylphenol, and 4-nonylphenol.

  2012cited by this paper
• Blank and sample handling troubleshooting in ultratrace analysis of alkylphenols and bisphenol A by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

  2012cited by this paper
• Human biomonitoring assessment values: approaches and data requirements.

  2011cited by this paper
• Assessing exposure to phthalates - the human biomonitoring approach.

  2011cited by this paper
• Endocrine disrupting nonyl- and octylphenol in infant food in Germany: considerable daily intake of nonylphenol for babies.

  2011cited by this paper
• Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture

  2009cited by this paper
• Degradation of a chiral nonylphenol isomer in two agricultural soils.

  2009cited by this paper
• Enantiomers of a nonylphenol isomer: absolute configurations and estrogenic potencies.

  2009cited by this paper
• Distribution characteristics of nonylphenolic chemicals in Masan Bay environments, Korea.

  2008cited by this paper
• Isomer-specific degradation and endocrine disrupting activity of nonylphenols.

  2008cited by this paper
• Daily intake of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) by German children -- A comparison of two estimation models based on urinary DEHP metabolite levels.

  2007cited by this paper
• Di-n-butylphthalate and butylbenzylphthalate — urinary metabolite levels and estimated daily intakes: pilot study for the German Environmental Survey on children

  2007cited by this paper
• Biomonitoring equivalents: a screening approach for interpreting biomonitoring results from a public health risk perspective.

  2007cited by this paper
• Occurrence of alkylphenolic substances in a Great Lakes coastal marsh, Cootes Paradise, ON, Canada.

  2007cited by this paper
• Enantioselective separation and determination of single nonylphenol isomers.

  2007cited by this paper
• Elucidation of the ipso-Substitution Mechanism for Side-Chain Cleavage of α-Quaternary 4-Nonylphenols and 4-t-Butoxyphenol in Sphingobium xenophagum Bayram

  2007cited by this paper
• Nonylphenol isomers differ in estrogenic activity.

  2006cited by this paper
• Three-generation evaluation of dietary para-nonylphenol in CD (Sprague-Dawley) rats.

  2006cited by this paper
• Estrogen-active nonylphenols from an isomer-specific viewpoint: a systematic numbering system and future trends

  2005cited by this paper
• Differential Degradation of Nonylphenol Isomers by Sphingomonas xenophaga Bayram

  2005cited by this paper
• A Novel Metabolic Pathway for Degradation of 4-Nonylphenol Environmental Contaminants by Sphingomonas xenophaga Bayram

  2005cited by this paper
• Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A and 4-Nonylphenol in a Human Reference Population

  2004cited by this paper
• Estimating pesticide dose from urinary pesticide concentration data by creatinine correction in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III)

  2004cited by this paper
• Urinary Creatinine Concentrations in the U.S. Population: Implications for Urinary Biologic Monitoring Measurements

  2004cited by this paper
• Migration of nonylphenol from plastic containers to water and a milk surrogate.

  2004cited by this paper
• Dietary exposure to xenoestrogens in New Zealand.

  2003cited by this paper
• Antiandrogenic effects of bisphenol A and nonylphenol on the function of androgen receptor.

  2003cited by this paper
• Occurrence and behaviour of 4-nonylphenol in river water of Germany.

  2003cited by this paper
• Environmental fate of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates--a review.

  2002cited by this paper
• Effect of nonylphenol on serum testosterone levels and testicular steroidogenic enzyme activity in neonatal, pubertal, and adult rats.

  2002cited by this paper
• Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and nutritional research.

  2002cited by this paper
• Endocrine disrupting nonylphenols are ubiquitous in food.

  2002cited by this paper
• Determination of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in household detergents by high-performance liquid chromatography.

  2002cited by this paper
• Migration of 4-nonylphenol from polyvinyl chloride food packaging films into food simulants and foods

  2001cited by this paper
• Potential dietary exposure to p -nonylphenol from food-contact use of tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite (TNPP)

  2001cited by this paper
• Reproductive effects of nonylphenol in rats after gavage administration: a two-generation study.

  2001cited by this paper
• The effects of 4-nonylphenol in rats: a multigeneration reproduction study.

  1999cited by this paper
• Determination of alkylphenols and 2, 4-dichlorophenol in foods

  1999cited by this paper
• Behaviour of alkylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants in the aquatic environment—I. Occurrence and transformation in sewage treatment

  1994cited by this paper

• The mechanism by which nonylphenol induces intestinal epithelial barrier damage and the protective effect of arabinogalactan through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

  2026cites this paper
• Associations of maternal exposure to nonylphenol and bisphenols with precocious puberty in girls: A nested case-control study.

  2026cites this paper
• Unregulated heavy metals in Chinese rice pose greater health risks and economic costs than regulated metals

  2025cites this paper
• Impact of Developmental Exposures to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Pituitary Gland Reproductive Function.

  2024cites this paper
• Understanding the Impact of Soil Components on the Environmental Existence of Nonylphenol:From the perspective of Soil Aggregates.

  2024cites this paper
• Nonylphenol and its derivatives: Environmental distribution, treatment strategy, management and future perspectives.

  2024cites this paper
• Emerging N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and 6PPD quinone in paired human plasma and urine from Tianjin, China: Preliminary assessment with demographic factors.

  2024cites this paper
• Relationship between Eating Habits and 4-Nonylphenol Concentration in Breast Milk of Women in Slovakia

  2023cites this paper
• Heavy metal concentrations in rice that meet safety standards can still pose a risk to human health

  2023cites this paper
• Determination of Nonylphenol in Selected Foods and Identification of Single Isomers in a Coffee Sample by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

  2023cites this paper
• The impact of perceived risk of online takeout packaging and the moderating role of educational level

  2023cites this paper
• Bestimmung von Nonylphenol in ausgewählten Lebensmitteln und Identifizierung einzelner Isomere in Kaffee mittels GCxGC‐TOF‐MS

  2023cites this paper
• Urinary concentrations of environmental phenol among pregnant women in the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

  2023cites this paper
• Assessment of nonylphenol exposure based on global urinary concentration data and its risk analysis.

  2023cites this paper
• Nonylphenol (NP) exposure in Germany between 1991 and 2021: Urinary biomarker analyses in the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB).

  2022cites this paper