RNA-guided DNA base damage repair via DNA polymerase-mediated nick translation

Abstract DNA repair is mediated by DNA synthesis guided by a DNA template. Recent studies have shown that DNA repair can also be accomplished by RNA-guided DNA synthesis. However, it remains unknown how RNA can guide DNA synthesis to repair DNA damage. In this study, we revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying RNA-guided DNA synthesis and base damage repair mediated by human repair DNA polymerases. We showed that pol β, pol κ, and pol ι predominantly synthesized one nucleotide, and pol η, pol ν, and pol θ synthesized multi-nucleotides during RNA-guided DNA base damage repair. The steady-state kinetics showed that pol η exhibited more efficient RNA-guided DNA synthesis than pol β. Using molecular dynamics simulation, we further revealed dynamic conformational changes of pol β and pol η and their structural basis to accommodate the RNA template and misoriented triphosphates of an incoming nucleotide. We demonstrated that RNA-guided base damage repair could be accomplished by the RNA-guided DNA strand-displacement synthesis and nick translation leading to nick ligation in a double-strand DNA region. Our study revealed a novel RNA-guided base damage repair pathway during transcription and DNA replication.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Nucleic Acids Research

• Publication date

  2022-12-19

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/nar/gkac1178PMID 36533524PMCID 9841414
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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