Alternaria ve Mikotoksinlerine Dikkat!

Alternaria, dünyada yaygın olarak görülen önemli bir fungus cinsi olup Ascomycota bölümü, Dothideomycetes sınıfı, Pleosporales takımı ve Pleosporaceae familyasında yer almaktadır. Alternaria cinsi içerisinde, saprofitik, endofitik ve patojenik türler yer almaktadır. Patojen türler arasında ise bitki patojenleri, hasat sonrası patojenler veya insan patojenleri de bulunmaktadır. Alternaria spp. Alternariol (AOH), Alternariol monometil eter (AME), Tenuazonik asit (TEA), Altenuen (ALT) ve Altertoksin (AT) gibi önemli bazı mikotoksinleri üretmektedir. Mikotoksinler, insan besin zincirine çeşitli şekillerde girebilmekte, birçok farklı gıda ve hayvan yemi ürününde bulunabilmektedir. Bu mikotoksinler, insanlar, memeliler ve diğer hayvanlar tarafından ağız yoluyla alınırsa, mikotoksikoz adı verilen toksik bir tepkiye neden olabilir. Birçoğunun kanserojen olduğu bilinmektedir. Diğerlerinin de cilt hassasiyetinden immün yetmezliğe kadar değişen nörotoksikolojik etkilerle birlikte karaciğer veya böbrek fonksiyonunun bozulması gibi insanlarda çeşitli farklı tepkiler ortaya çıkardığı gösterilmiştir. Alternaria spp., özellikle su aktivitesi (aw), sıcaklık ve pH gibi abiyotik faktörlerden etkilenir. Bazı tahıl taneleri dahil olmak üzere sorgum, pamuk tohumu, domates ve soya fasulyesi gibi farklı substratlar ile ilişkili olarak fungusun çoğalması ve toksin üretimine neden olan koşullar araştırıcılarca tespit edilmiştir. Alternaria toksinlerinin incelenmesinde ELISA, sıvı kromatografi ve PCR temelli analizler en kullanışlı yöntemler olarak görülmektedir. Bu derleme, Alternaria türlerinin önemini, ekolojilerini, mikotoksin üretimi ve sıcakkanlılardaki etkileri ile mikotoksin analiz metotlarını içermektedir. Derleme özellikle, Alternaria türlerinin oluşturdukları mikotoksinler hakkında genel bir bilgi sunmak ve önemine dikkat çekmek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Bursa uludağ üniversitesi ziraat fakültesi dergisi

• Publication date

  2022-12-23

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.20479/bursauludagziraat.1111062
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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