EBV Reactivation from Latency Is a Degrading Experience for the Host

During reactivation from latency, gammaherpesviruses radically restructure their host cell to produce virion particles. To achieve this and thwart cellular defenses, they induce rapid degradation of cytoplasmic mRNAs, suppressing host gene expression. In this article, we review mechanisms of shutoff by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and other gammaherpesviruses. In EBV, canonical host shutoff is accomplished through the action of the versatile BGLF5 nuclease expressed during lytic reactivation. We explore how BGLF5 induces mRNA degradation, the mechanisms by which specificity is achieved, and the consequences for host gene expression. We also consider non-canonical mechanisms of EBV-induced host shutoff. Finally, we summarize the limitations and barriers to accurate measurements of the EBV host shutoff phenomenon.

• Publication year

  2023

• Venue

  Viruses

• Publication date

  2023-03-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/v15030726PMID 36992435PMCID 10054251
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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