Social Support and Parental Conflict as Predictors of Outcomes of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Depression

Group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for adolescent depression, but outcomes vary. Our goal was to examine interpersonal factors that predict response to group CBT for adolescent depression using a broad range of outcomes, including depressive symptoms, session attendance, treatment completion, engagement, and improvement. Seventy adolescents (age 14–18) with depression completed self-report measures of social support and parental conflict and were offered an established 16-session group CBT program. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted for interpersonal predictors and CBT outcomes. Accounting for pre-treatment depressive symptoms, fewer social supports predicted lower likelihood of finishing treatment and less clinician-rated improvement. Greater pre-treatment parental conflict predicted fewer sessions attended, lower clinician-rated engagement, and less clinician-rated improvement. Results highlight the need to consider interpersonal difficulties in CBT, as they may present a barrier to treatment attendance, engagement, and improvement.

• Publication year

  2023

• Venue

  International Journal of Cognitive Therapy

• Publication date

  2023-03-28

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1007/s41811-023-00159-zPMID 37228300PMCID 10043524
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

  2021cited by this paper
• Predictors of Remission in Acute and Continuation Treatment of Depressive Disorders

  2021cited by this paper
• Personalized Depression Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Optimize Effects Through Risk-Informed Personalization.

  2020cited by this paper
• Cognitive behavioral treatment for depressed adolescents: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial of a group course

  2019cited by this paper
• Interparental and Parent–Child Conflict Predicting Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

  2019cited by this paper
• Marital and Parent-Child Relationships during Treatment for Adolescent Depression: Child-Driven and Bidirectional Effects

  2019cited by this paper
• Is Social Support a Cause or Consequence of Depression? A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents

  2018cited by this paper
• Depression Change Profiles in Adolescents Treated for Comorbid Depression/Substance Abuse and Profile Membership Predictors

  2018cited by this paper
• A meta-analysis of group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions for adolescents with depression.

  2018cited by this paper
• Two-Year Impact of Prevention Programs on Adolescent Depression: an Integrative Data Analysis Approach

  2018cited by this paper
• Cognitive and Interpersonal Vulnerabilities to Adolescent Depression: Classification of Risk Profiles for a Personalized Prevention Approach

  2018cited by this paper
• Associations between Social Support from Family, Friends, and Teachers and depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

  2018cited by this paper
• Links Between the Mother–Adolescent and Father–Adolescent Relationships and Adolescent Depression: A Genetically Informed Study

  2018cited by this paper
• Effectiveness of group CBT in treating adolescents with depression symptoms: a critical review

  2017cited by this paper
• Protective factors for depressive symptoms in adolescents: interpersonal relationships and perceived social support

  2017cited by this paper
• Evidence Base Update of Psychosocial Treatments for Child and Adolescent Depression

  2017cited by this paper
• Depressed Mood During Early to Middle Adolescence: A Bi-national Longitudinal Study of the Unique Impact of Family Conflict

  2016cited by this paper
• Diagnostic Checking in Regression Relationships

  2015cited by this paper
• Time with peers from middle childhood to late adolescence: developmental course and adjustment correlates.

  2014cited by this paper
• Moderators of two indicated cognitive-behavioral depression prevention approaches for adolescents in a school-based effectiveness trial.

  2014cited by this paper
• Effectiveness study of a CBT-based adolescent coping with depression course

  2014cited by this paper
• Burden of Depressive Disorders by Country, Sex, Age, and Year: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

  2013cited by this paper
• A meta-analytic review on treatment dropout in child and adolescent outpatient mental health care.

  2013cited by this paper
• The bi-directional relationship between parent-child conflict and treatment outcome in treatment-resistant adolescent depression.

  2013cited by this paper
• lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling

  2012cited by this paper
• Negative Life Events and Substance Use Moderate Cognitive Behavioral Adolescent Depression Prevention Intervention

  2012cited by this paper
• Conceptualizing the Prospective Relationship Between Social Support, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

  2011cited by this paper
• Relation of depression to perceived social support: results from a randomized adolescent depression prevention trial.

  2011cited by this paper
• Support and Undermining in Interpersonal Relationships Are Associated with Symptom Improvement in a Trial of Antidepressant Medication

  2011cited by this paper
• The impact of perceived interpersonal functioning on treatment for adolescent depression: IPT-A versus treatment as usual in school-based health clinics.

  2010cited by this paper
• Relationship Between Multiple Sources of Perceived Social Support and Psychological and Academic Adjustment in Early Adolescence: Comparisons Across Gender

  2010cited by this paper
• Efficacy trial of a brief cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program for high-risk adolescents: effects at 1- and 2-year follow-up.

  2010cited by this paper
• Treatment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant depression in adolescents: predictors and moderators of treatment response.

  2009cited by this paper
• An Exploratory Analysis of the Impact of Family Functioning on Treatment for Depression in Adolescents

  2009cited by this paper
• Developmental Changes in Adolescents’ Perceptions of Relationships with Their Parents

  2009cited by this paper
• Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Child and Adolescent Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

  2008cited by this paper
• Brief cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program for high-risk adolescents outperforms two alternative interventions: a randomized efficacy trial.

  2008cited by this paper
• Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Child and Adolescent Depression

  2008cited by this paper
• The Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS): long-term effectiveness and safety outcomes.

  2007cited by this paper
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescent depression: a meta-analytic investigation of changes in effect-size estimates.

  2007influential reference
• A manual-based intervention to address clinical crises and retain patients in the Treatment of Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS).

  2007cited by this paper
• Is Group More Cost Effective than Individual Cognitive Behaviour Therapy? The Evidence is not Solid Yet

  2007cited by this paper
• Effects of psychotherapy for depression in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.

  2006cited by this paper
• Mood disorders in children and adolescents

  2006cited by this paper
• Predictors and moderators of acute outcome in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS).

  2006cited by this paper
• The Adolescent Coping With Depression Course: A Cognitive-Behavioral Approach to the Treatment of Adolescent Depression.

  2005cited by this paper
• Recovery from major depression: the role of support from family, friends, and spiritual beliefs

  2005cited by this paper
• Econometric Computing with HC and HAC Covariance Matrix Estimators

  2004cited by this paper
• Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents: an evidence-based medicine review.

  2004cited by this paper
• Prospective relations between social support and depression: differential direction of effects for parent and peer support?

  2004cited by this paper
• A longitudinal examination of familial risk factors for depression among inner-city African American adolescents.

  2003cited by this paper
• Group cognitive-behavioral treatment for depressed adolescent offspring of depressed parents in a health maintenance organization.

  2002cited by this paper
• Mood disorders in children and adolescents: an epidemiologic perspective.

  2001cited by this paper
• Cognitive and family therapies for adolescent depression: treatment specificity, mediation, and moderation.

  2000cited by this paper
• Clinical outcome after short-term psychotherapy for adolescents with major depressive disorder.

  2000cited by this paper
• Cognitive-behavioral treatment of adolescent depression: efficacy of acute group treatment and booster sessions.

  1999cited by this paper
• Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study.

  1998cited by this paper
• Global burden of disease.

  1997cited by this paper
• Cognitive-behavioral treatment for depressed adolescents*

  1990cited by this paper
• Negotiating Parent-Adolescent Conflict: A Behavioral-Family Systems Approach

  1989cited by this paper
• Scales to assess child and adolescent depression: checklists, screens, and nets.

  1988cited by this paper
• A Brief Measure of Social Support: Practical and Theoretical Implications

  1987cited by this paper
• Huskie Commons Huskie Commons

  year unknowncited by this paper

• Preventing depression in Chinese children and adolescents: A pilot study of a brief school-based cognitive behavioral group program.

  2025cites this paper
• The effects of group nursing intervention based on emotion regulation training on depression and nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents

  2025cites this paper
• Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents in China: A Pilot Study.

  2024cites this paper
• Bridging Gaps in Care Following Hospitalization for Suicidal Adolescents: As Safe As Possible (ASAP) and BRITE App.

  2024cites this paper
• The mediation effect of the inferior-parietal cortex and globus pallidus on the relationship between family conflict and major depressive disorder.

  2024cites this paper
• Usefulness of Interventions Using a Smartphone Cognitive Behavior Therapy Application for Children With Mental Health Disorders: Prospective, Single-Arm, Uncontrolled Clinical Trial

  2024cites this paper