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A spatiotemporal barrier formed by Follistatin is required for left–right patterning

Xin-Xin Fu,Ding-Hao Zhuo,Ying-Jie Zhang,Yunfeng Li,Xiang Liu,Yan-Yi Xing,Ying Huang,Yi-Fan Wang,Tao Cheng,Dan Wang,Si-Han Chen,Yi-Jian Chen,Guangming Jiang,Fu-I Lu,Yu Feng,Jun Ma,W. Liu,Ge Bai,Peng-Fei Xu

Published 2023 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

ABSTRACT

Significance The left–right patterning of vertebrate embryos relies on an orderly propagation of the asymmetric Nodal signaling from posterior to anterior. This requires a left–right organizer (LRO) that is located at the posterior tip of the embryo to break the bilateral symmetry, as well as a midline barrier that prevents Nodal from diffusing along the left–right direction. The current study identifies a new barrier, which is set up by Follistatin (Fst) and expressed bilaterally. This barrier gates the propagation of the asymmetric Nodal activity toward the anterior to ensure a proper left–right patterning outcome throughout the entire embryo including the forebrain.

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