Evolution of a fruit fly antimicrobial peptide family to control microbiome bacteria present in the host ecology

Antimicrobial peptides are host-encoded immune effectors that combat pathogens and shape the microbiome in plants and animals. However, little is known about how the host antimicrobial peptide repertoire is adapted to its microbiome. Here we characterize the function and evolution of the Diptericin antimicrobial peptide family of Diptera. Using mutations affecting the two Diptericins (Dpt) of Drosophila melanogaster, we reveal the specific role of DptA for the pathogen Providencia rettgeri and DptB for the gut mutualist Acetobacter. Strikingly, presence of DptA- or DptB-like genes across Diptera correlates with the presence of Providencia and Acetobacter in their environment. Moreover, DptA- and DptB-like sequence predicts host resistance against infection by these bacteria across the genus Drosophila. Our study explains the evolutionary logic behind the bursts of rapid evolution of an antimicrobial peptide family, and reveals how the host immune repertoire adapts to changing microbial environments.

• Publication year

  2023

• Venue

  bioRxiv

• Publication date

  2023-06-08

• Fields of study

  Biology, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1101/2022.12.23.521774
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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