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PSW1, an LRR receptor kinase, regulates pod size in peanut

K. Zhao,Long Wang,Ding Qiu,Zenghui Cao,Kuo-Hsi Wang,Zhan Li,Xiaoxuan Wang,Jinzhi Wang,Qian Ma,Di Cao,Yinyao Qi,Kai Zhao,Fangping Gong,Zhongfeng Li,Rui Ren,Xingli Ma,Xingguo Zhang,F. Yu,Dongmei Yin

Published 2023 in Plant Biotechnology Journal

ABSTRACT

Summary Pod size is a key agronomic trait that greatly determines peanut yield, the regulatory genes and molecular mechanisms that controlling peanut pod size are still unclear. Here, we used quantitative trait locus analysis to identify a peanut pod size regulator, POD SIZE/WEIGHT1 (PSW1), and characterized the associated gene and protein. PSW1 encoded leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinase (LRR–RLK) and positively regulated pod stemness. Mechanistically, this allele harbouring a 12‐bp insertion in the promoter and a point mutation in the coding region of PSW1 causing a serine‐to‐isoleucine (S618I) substitution substantially increased mRNA abundance and the binding affinity of PSW1 for BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1‐ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (BAK1). Notably, PSW1 HapII (super‐large pod allele of PSW1) expression led to up‐regulation of a positive regulator of pod stemness PLETHORA 1 (PLT1), thereby resulting in larger pod size. Moreover, overexpression of PSW1 HapII increased seed/fruit size in multiple plant species. Our work thus discovers a conserved function of PSW1 that controls pod size and provides a valuable genetic resource for breeding high‐yield crops.

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