Analyzing the link between RNA secondary structures and R-loop formation with tree polynomials

R-loops are a class of non-canonical nucleic acid structures that typically form during transcription when the nascent RNA hybridizes the DNA template strand, leaving the DNA coding strand unpaired. Co-transcriptional R-loops are abundant in nature and biologically relevant. Recent research shows that DNA sequence and topology affect R-loops, yet it remains unclear how these and other factors drive R-loop formation. In this work, we investigate a link between the secondary structure of the nascent RNA and the probability of R-loop formation. We introduce tree-polynomial representations, a class of mathematical objects that enable accurate and efficient data analysis of RNA secondary structures. With tree-polynomials, we establish a strong correlation between the secondary structure of the RNA transcript and the probability of R-loop formation. We identify that branches with short stems separated by multiple ‘bubbles’ in the RNA secondary structure are associated with the strong correlation and are predictive of R-loop formation.

• Publication year

  2024

• Venue

  bioRxiv

• Publication date

  2024-02-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Mathematics

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1101/2023.09.24.559224
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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