Ultra high energy cosmic rays from tidal disruption events

The tidal disruption event AT2018hyz, was a regular optically detected one with no special prompt features. However, almost three years after the disruption it suddenly displayed a fast-rising radio flare. The flare is most naturally interpreted as arising from an off-axis relativistic jet. We didn't see the jet at early times as its emission was relativistically beamed away from us. However, we could see the radiation once the jet has slowed down due to interaction with the surrounding matter. Analysis of the radio data enabled estimates of the jet's kinetic energy and its opening angle as well as the conditions (size and magnetic field) within the radio-emitting region. We show here that such a jet satisfies the Hillas condition for the acceleration of UHECRs to the highest energies. We also show that the rate and total power of this event are consistent with the observed luminosity density of UHECRs. These results strongly support earlier suggestions that TDEs are the sources of UHECRs.

• Publication year

  2023

• Venue

  Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

• Publication date

  2023-09-27

• Fields of study

  Physics

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1088/1475-7516/2023/11/049arXiv 2309.15644
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• An off-axis relativistic jet seen in the long lasting delayed radio flare of the TDE AT 2018hyz

  2023cited by this paper
• Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Source Models: Successes, Challenges and General Predictions

  2023influential reference
• Day-timescale variability in the radio light curve of the Tidal Disruption Event AT2022cmc: Confirmation of a highly relativistic outflow

  2023cited by this paper
• IceCube search for neutrinos from GRB 221009A

  2023cited by this paper
• Synchrotron afterglow model for AT 2022cmc: Jetted tidal disruption event or engine-powered supernova?

  2023cited by this paper
• Ubiquitous Late Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events

  2023cited by this paper
• Limits on Neutrino Emission from GRB 221009A from MeV to PeV Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

  2023cited by this paper
• Swift J1644+57 as an off-axis Jet

  2023influential reference
• A Mildly Relativistic Outflow Launched Two Years after Disruption in Tidal Disruption Event AT2018hyz

  2022influential reference
• Interpretation of the Observed Neutrino Emission from Three Tidal Disruption Events

  2022cited by this paper
• A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole

  2022cited by this paper
• Generalized equipartition method from an arbitrary viewing angle

  2022influential reference
• Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers

  2022cited by this paper
• Candidate Tidal Disruption Event AT2019fdr Coincident with a High-Energy Neutrino.

  2021cited by this paper
• The Imprint of Large-scale Structure on the Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic-Ray Sky

  2021cited by this paper
• Measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum above 2.5 x 10(18) eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory

  2020cited by this paper
• Measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum above 2 . 5 × 1018 eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory

  2020cited by this paper
• A tidal disruption event coincident with a high-energy neutrino

  2020cited by this paper
• Rates of Stellar Tidal Disruption

  2020cited by this paper
• Radio Monitoring of the Tidal Disruption Event Swift J164449.3+573451. IV. Continued Fading and Non-relativistic Expansion

  2020cited by this paper
• Observation of a Large-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 8×1018 eV

  2019influential reference
• Jets from Tidal Disruption Events

  2019cited by this paper
• Cosmic ray anisotropy from large-scale structure and the effect of magnetic horizons

  2018cited by this paper
• Radio Monitoring of the Tidal Disruption Event Swift J164449.3+573451. III. Late-time Jet Energetics and a Deviation from Equipartition

  2017cited by this paper
• Tidally disrupted stars as a possible origin of both cosmic rays and neutrinos at the highest energies

  2017cited by this paper
• Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 × 1018 eV

  2017cited by this paper
• Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos from tidal disruptions by massive black holes

  2017cited by this paper
• The Extragalactic Ultra-high-energy Cosmic-Ray Dipole

  2017cited by this paper
• High-energy cosmic ray nuclei from tidal disruption events: Origin, survival, and implications

  2017cited by this paper
• Observation of a Large-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 8×1018 eV

  2017influential reference
• The influence of circumnuclear environment on the radio emission from TDE jets

  2016cited by this paper
• Swift J1112.2−8238: a candidate relativistic tidal disruption flare

  2015influential reference
• The radio afterglow of Swift J1644+57 reveals a powerful jet with fast core and slow sheath

  2015cited by this paper
• Ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray hotspots from tidal disruption events

  2015cited by this paper
• Tidal disruption jets as the source of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

  2014cited by this paper
• Anisotropies of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays diffusing from extragalactic sources

  2013cited by this paper
• ON THE ORIGIN OF THE RADIO EMISSION OF Sw 1644+57

  2013cited by this paper
• RADIO MONITORING OF THE TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT SWIFT J164449.3+573451. II. THE RELATIVISTIC JET SHUTS OFF AND A TRANSITION TO FORWARD SHOCK X-RAY/RADIO EMISSION

  2012cited by this paper
• SWIFT J2058.4+0516: DISCOVERY OF A POSSIBLE SECOND RELATIVISTIC TIDAL DISRUPTION FLARE?

  2011cited by this paper
• Extragalactic propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic-rays

  2011cited by this paper
• SWIFT J1644+57: A WHITE DWARF TIDALLY DISRUPTED BY A 104 M☉ BLACK HOLE?

  2011cited by this paper
• A Possible Relativistic Jetted Outburst from a Massive Black Hole Fed by a Tidally Disrupted Star

  2011influential reference
• Relativistic jet activity from the tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole

  2011influential reference
• Birth of a relativistic outflow in the unusual γ-ray transient Swift J164449.3+573451

  2011cited by this paper
• THE HIGH ENERGY BUDGET ALLOCATIONS IN SHOCKS AND GAMMA RAY BURSTS

  2010cited by this paper
• GIANT AGN FLARES AND COSMIC RAY BURSTS

  2008cited by this paper
• Violation of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff: a tempest in a (magnetic) Teapot? Why cosmic ray energies above 10(20) eV may not require new physics.

  2000cited by this paper
• GZK Violation - a Tempest in a (Magnetic) Teapot?

  1999cited by this paper
• Cosmological gamma-ray bursts and the highest energy cosmic rays.

  1995cited by this paper
• The Acceleration of Ultra--High-Energy Cosmic Rays in Gamma-Ray Bursts

  1995cited by this paper
• The Origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays

  1984cited by this paper
• Origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays

  1975cited by this paper
• On the acceleration of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in Gamma Ray Bursts

  year unknowncited by this paper

• Constraining high-energy neutrinos from tidal disruption events with IceCube high-energy starting events

  2026cites this paper
• Elevated Rates of Tidal Disruption Events in Active Galactic Nuclei

  2024cites this paper
• Binary Neutron Star Mergers as the Source of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays.

  2024cites this paper
• Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays from Neutrino-emitting Tidal Disruption Events

  2024cites this paper
• Characterization of a Peculiar Einstein Probe Transient EP240408a: An Exotic Gamma-Ray Burst or an Abnormal Jetted Tidal Disruption Event?

  2024cites this paper
• Exploring the Components of Cosmogenic UHECR, Neutrino, and Diffuse Gamma Ray from High-Energy Astrophysical Objects

  2024cites this paper
• Sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos

  2024cites this paper
• Modeling hadronic interactions in ultra-high-energy cosmic rays within astrophysical environments: A parametric approach

  2024cites this paper
• Constraints on UHECR Sources and Extragalactic Magnetic Fields from Directional Anisotropies

  2023cites this paper
• Inferring astrophysical neutrino sources from the Glashow resonance

  2023cites this paper
• Modified particle lifetimes as a signature of deformed relativity

  2023cites this paper
• Source models of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays

  year unknowncites this paper