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Antimicrobial peptide temporin derivatives inhibit biofilm formation and virulence factor expression of Streptococcus mutans

Shangjun Jiang,Yanmei Zha,Ting Zhao,Xiao Jin,Rui Zhu,Shuangshuang Wei,Rong Wang,Yanting Song,Lushuang Li,Junchen Lyu,W. Hu,Daqi Zhang,Manchuriga Wang,Yingxia Zhang

Published 2023 in Frontiers in Microbiology

ABSTRACT

Introduction Temporin-GHa obtained from the frog Hylarana guentheri showed bactericidal efficacy against Streptococcus mutans. To enhance its antibacterial activity, the derived peptides GHaR and GHa11R were designed, and their antibacterial performance, antibiofilm efficacy and potential in the inhibition of dental caries were evaluated. Methods Bacterial survival assay, fluorescent staining assay and transmission electron microscopy observation were applied to explore how the peptides inhibited and killed S. mutans. The antibiofilm efficacy was assayed by examining exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lactic acid production, bacterial adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity. The gene expression level of virulence factors of S. mutans was detected by qRT-PCR. Finally, the impact of the peptides on the caries induced ability of S. mutans was measured using a rat caries model. Results It has been shown that the peptides inhibited biofilm rapid accumulation by weakening the initial adhesion of S. mutans and reducing the production of EPS. Meanwhile, they also decreased bacterial acidogenicity and aciduricity, and ultimately prevented caries development in vivo. Conclusion GHaR and GHa11R might be promising candidates for controlling S. mutans infections.

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