Chronic Immune-Mediated Demyelinating Neuropathies

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This article is an overview of chronic demyelinating neuropathies and highlights the phenotypic categorization, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic immune-mediated neuropathies. The clinical and diagnostic characteristics of other chronic demyelinating neuropathies that are common mimics of immune-mediated neuropathies are also discussed. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS The underlying pathophysiology of chronic demyelinating neuropathies is heterogeneous, and components of both humoral and cellular immune responses are thought to play a role in the immune-mediated types of chronic demyelinating neuropathy. The role of the humoral response is highlighted with a specific focus on the relatively recent discovery of antibody-mediated antinodal and paranodal demyelinating neuropathies. Additionally, new diagnostic criteria for some of the chronic demyelinating neuropathies, as well as ways to differentiate chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy from other chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies, are discussed. ESSENTIAL POINTS Chronic demyelinating neuropathies can present with overlapping clinical characteristics with seemingly subtle variations. It is clinically important to differentiate these types of neuropathies because the treatment and management can vary and affect prognosis.

• Publication year

  2023

• Venue

  Continuum

• Publication date

  2023-10-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1212/CON.0000000000001290PMID 37851034
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Paraproteinemic Neuropathies

  2023cited by this paper
• Hereditary Neuropathies

  2023cited by this paper
• The Role of the Complement System in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: Implications for Complement-Targeted Therapies

  2022cited by this paper
• Application of the 2021 EAN/PNS criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2022cited by this paper
• Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of the 2021 EAN/PNS and 2010 EFNS/PNS diagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

  2022cited by this paper
• Study

  2022cited by this paper
• Nodal and paranodal antibody-associated neuropathies

  2021cited by this paper
• Treatment Approaches for Atypical CIDP

  2021cited by this paper
• Pathophysiology of the Different Clinical Phenotypes of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP)

  2021cited by this paper
• Anti-MAG neuropathy: From biology to clinical management.

  2021cited by this paper
• European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline on diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: Report of a joint Task Force—Second revision

  2021cited by this paper
• Macrophages and Autoantibodies in Demyelinating Diseases

  2021cited by this paper
• Relevance of diagnostic investigations in chronic inflammatory demyelinating poliradiculoneuropathy: Data from the Italian CIDP database

  2020cited by this paper
• Monitoring Clinical Course and Treatment Response in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy During Routine Care: A Review of Clinical and Laboratory Assessment Measures.

  2020cited by this paper
• The Misdiagnosis of CIDP: A Review

  2020cited by this paper
• Efficacy of low dose rituximab in treatment-resistant CIDP with antibodies against NF-155.

  2020cited by this paper
• Progress in diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

  2019cited by this paper
• POEMS Syndrome: 2019 Update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

  2019cited by this paper
• Hereditary Neuropathies

  2019cited by this paper
• Antibodies to neurofascin, contactin-1, and contactin-associated protein 1 in CIDP

  2019cited by this paper
• Outcome measures for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in research: relevance and applicability to clinical practice.

  2019cited by this paper
• Diagnosis and management of Guillain–Barré syndrome in ten steps

  2019cited by this paper
• Multifocal motor neuropathy: controversies and priorities

  2019cited by this paper
• Updated cerebrospinal fluid total protein reference values improve chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy diagnosis

  2019cited by this paper
• Diagnosis and treatment response in the asymmetric variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2019cited by this paper
• CANOMAD and other chronic ataxic neuropathies with disialosyl antibodies (CANDA)

  2018cited by this paper
• Atypical CIDP: diagnostic criteria, progression and treatment response. Data from the Italian CIDP Database

  2018cited by this paper
• Corticosteroids in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2018cited by this paper
• Advances in the diagnosis, immunopathogenesis and therapies of IgM-anti-MAG antibody-mediated neuropathies

  2018cited by this paper
• Anti-MAG antibodies in 202 patients: clinicopathological and therapeutic features

  2017cited by this paper
• Autoantibodies in chronic inflammatory neuropathies: diagnostic and therapeutic implications

  2017cited by this paper
• Chronic Demyelinating Polyneuropathies

  2017cited by this paper
• Effects of low frequency filtering on distal compound muscle action potential duration for diagnosis of CIDP: A Japanese-European multicenter prospective study.

  2015cited by this paper
• Comparison of 2‐limb versus 3‐limb electrodiagnostic studies in the evaluation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2015cited by this paper
• Rituximab in treatment-resistant CIDP with antibodies against paranodal proteins

  2015cited by this paper
• Comparison of sensitivity and specificity among 15 criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2014cited by this paper
• Multifocal motor neuropathy: a review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment

  2014cited by this paper
• Intravenous immunoglobulin response in treatment-naïve chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

  2014cited by this paper
• Paraproteinemic Neuropathies

  2014cited by this paper
• Guillain–Barré syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis

  2014cited by this paper
• 196th ENMC international workshop: Outcome measures in inflammatory peripheral neuropathies 8-10 February 2013, Naarden, The Netherlands.

  2013cited by this paper
• Multifocal motor neuropathy, multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy, and other chronic acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy variants.

  2013cited by this paper
• Non‐anti‐MAG DADS neuropathy as a variant of CIDP: clinical, electrophysiological, laboratory features and response to treatment in 10 cases

  2011cited by this paper
• Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale (R-ODS) for immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies

  2011cited by this paper
• European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society – First Revision

  2010cited by this paper
• Clinical and electrophysiological parameters distinguishing acute‐onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy from acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

  2010cited by this paper
• European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society — First Revision

  2010cited by this paper
• A nationwide retrospective analysis on the effect of immune therapies in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

  2010cited by this paper
• European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of multifocal motor neuropathy. Report of a Joint Task Force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society – first revision

  2010cited by this paper
• Validity of diagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a multicentre European study

  2009cited by this paper
• Circulating subsets and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell function in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

  2009cited by this paper
• Incidence and prevalence of CIDP and the association of diabetes mellitus

  2009cited by this paper
• Intravenous immune globulin (10% caprylate-chromatography purified) for the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (ICE study): a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

  2008cited by this paper
• Multifocal motor neuropathy

  2007cited by this paper
• Paraproteinemic Neuropathies

  2006cited by this paper
• Chronic Immune Sensory Polyradiculopathy: A Possibly Treatable Sensory Ataxia

  2006cited by this paper
• Diagnosis and management of Guillain–Barré syndrome

  2005cited by this paper
• Optimizing the use of electrophysiology in the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a study of 20 cases

  2005cited by this paper
• [Guillain-Barré syndrome].

  2005cited by this paper
• Chronic immune sensory polyradiculopathy

  2004cited by this paper
• Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Clinical characteristics, course, and recommendations for diagnostic criteria.

  1989cited by this paper
• Antibodies to neurofascin, contactin-1, and contactin-associated protein 1 in CIDP Clinical relevance of IgG isotype

  year unknowncited by this paper

• Autoimmune Axonal Neuropathies

  2023cites this paper