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Impact of heat stress on flower visitation and pollination of Phaseolus coccineus by honey bees (Apis mellifera)

B. Bauer,Linde Morawetz,Alexandra Ribarits,Roland Wüest,H. Krenn

Published 2023 in Journal of Apicultural Research

ABSTRACT

Abstract High summer temperatures caused major crop losses in scarlet runner beans (Phaseolus coccineus) in Austrian agriculture. To evaluate the impact of temperature on pollination, a greenhouse experiment was conducted. Pollination of P. coccineus by Apis mellifera was studied under standard temperature conditions (22 °C) and was compared to heat stress conditions (35 °C) in the greenhouse as well as to natural insect–flower interactions in the field trial. Under heat stress conditions, workers of A. mellifera significantly decreased their flower visitation, while the duration of flower visits significantly increased compared to normal greenhouse temperatures. Heat stress leads to a foraging stop of honey bees on the flowers of runner beans within a few days. It is concluded that the raised ambient temperature that we are facing during global warming may have negative effects on pollination and fruit set of P. coccineus.

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