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Assessing residential PM2.5 concentrations and infiltration factors with high spatiotemporal resolution using crowdsourced sensors

David M. Lunderberg,Yutong Liang,Brett C. Singer,J. Apte,W. Nazaroff,Allen H. Goldstein

Published 2023 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

ABSTRACT

Significance Until recently, residential studies of indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been limited to small numbers of homes observed for short periods of time. Advances in low-cost sensors and the advent of crowdsourced data collection have enabled thousands of homes to be studied over extended periods. To understand PM2.5 spatiotemporal variability across the residential building stock, this study uses more than 10,000 monitor-years of PM2.5 data acquired in or near 3,977 US residences. We quantify how indoor and outdoor sources contribute to residential PM2.5 by time of day, time of year, and climate. We find substantial variability related to occupant behavior, outdoor climate, and building conditions. By understanding such drivers, occupants and building designers can take steps to reduce residential exposure to PM2.5.

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