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The Disproportionate Rise in Pancreatic Cancer in Younger Women Is Due to a Rise in Adenocarcinoma and Not Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Nationwide Time-Trend Analysis Using 2001–2018 United States Cancer Statistics Databases

Yi Jiang,Yazan Abboud,Jeff Liang,Brent K. Larson,A. Osipov,Jun Gong,A. Hendifar,Katelyn M. Atkins,Quin Y Liu,Nick Nissen,Debiao Li,S.J. Pandol,Simon K. Lo,Srinavas Gaddam

Published 2024 in Cancers

ABSTRACT

Simple Summary Previous studies have noted a significant increase in the incidence of pancreatic cancer among younger women (15–54 years) compared to men in the United States, yet the specific histopathologic types remained unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate whether the disproportionate rise in the incidence of pancreatic cancer in younger women was predominantly attributed to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). Our analysis revealed that the age-adjusted incidence rates (aIRs) of PDAC in younger women increased at a greater rate than counterpart men, whereas PanNET did not demonstrate a statistically significant sex-specific average annual percentage change difference. These discoveries provide crucial insights for guiding future investigations and informing healthcare policy. Abstract In previous studies, a significant increase in the incidence of pancreatic cancer among younger women compared to men in the United States was noted. However, the specific histopathologic characteristics were not delineated. This population-based study aimed to assess whether this disproportionate rise in pancreatic cancer in younger women was contributed by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). The United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database was used to identify patients with pancreatic cancer between 2001 and 2018. The results showed that, in younger adults, the incidence of PDAC has increased in women [average annual percentage change (AAPC) = 0.62%], while it has remained stable in men (AAPC = −0.09%). The PDAC incidence rate among women increased at a greater rate compared to men with a statistically significant difference in AAPC (p < 0.001), with neither identical nor parallel trends. In contrast, cases of PanNET did not demonstrate a statistically significant sex-specific AAPC difference. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the dramatic increase in the incidence rate of PDAC explains the disproportionate rise in pancreatic cancer incidence in younger women. This prompts further prospective studies to investigate the underlying reasons for these sex-specific disparities in PDAC.

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