Morphological divergence of domatia in ant-free populations of the widespread Neotropical myrmecophyte Miconia tococa (Melastomataceae)

Co-evolving organisms experience multiple selection pressures that may lead to trait mismatches among different populations and sites. In defensive ant–plant mutualisms, host plants (myrmecophytes) produce specialized shelters (domatia) to harbour specialized ant-partners in exchange for protection against enemies. Although populations of myrmecophytes without ants occur in some locations, there are no records of changes in domatia morphology—at the population level—due to the absence of symbiotic ants. We conducted broad-scale samplings of Miconia tococa (Melastomataceae) populations across the Brazilian Cerrado and a 2-year transplant experiment to test whether domatia morphology changes when symbiotic ants are naturally absent. Domatia were 33.9% smaller in ant-free populations than in ant-inhabited populations. Transplants revealed that host plants from ant-inhabited sites still developed larger domatia than those from ant-free sites, even in the absence of ant-partners. These findings point to a change of M. tococa traits associated with biotic defences where symbiotic ants are absent. What may have begun as a plastic adjustment to ant-free environments appears to have been transformed into fixed (genetic) interpopulation differences over time, indicating a potential local destabilization of the mutualism or a mechanism to stabilize the interaction at the landscape scale.

• Publication year

  2024

• Venue

  Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

• Publication date

  2024-03-04

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/biolinnean/blae026
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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