Ribonuclease inhibitor and angiogenin system regulates cell type–specific global translation

Translation of mRNAs is a fundamental process that occurs in all cell types of multicellular organisms. Conventionally, it has been considered a default step in gene expression, lacking specific regulation. However, recent studies have documented that certain mRNAs exhibit cell type–specific translation. Despite this, it remains unclear whether global translation is controlled in a cell type–specific manner. By using human cell lines and mouse models, we found that deletion of the ribosome-associated protein ribonuclease inhibitor 1 (RNH1) decreases global translation selectively in hematopoietic-origin cells but not in the non–hematopoietic-origin cells. RNH1-mediated cell type–specific translation is mechanistically linked to angiogenin-induced ribosomal biogenesis. Collectively, this study unravels the existence of cell type–specific global translation regulators and highlights the complex translation regulation in vertebrates.

• Publication year

  2024

• Venue

  Science Advances

• Publication date

  2024-05-31

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adl0320PMID 38820160PMCID 11141627
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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