Bio-Integrated Hybrid TESLA: A Fully Symmetric Lightweight Authentication Protocol

The rapid integration of the IoT devices into everyday decision-making processes underscores the need for continuous user authentication and data integrity checking during network communication, all while minimizing energy consumption to extend device lifespan. This article introduces the bio-integrated hybrid timed-efficient stream loss-tolerant authentication (TESLA) protocol, which is a fully symmetric and energy-efficient authentication protocol designed for the resource-constrained IoT devices. Based on the hybrid TLI- $\mu $ TESLA protocol, this innovative solution prioritizes high cybersecurity levels and minimal computational requirements for continuous authentication. An innovative advancement involves eliminating the public cryptography process during the synchronization stage of the TESLA protocols. Instead, biometric authentication through the distorted fingerprint and electroencephalogram templates is employed, to establish a nonshared symmetric session key, utilized only once. Furthermore, neither the key nor the original biometric templates are transmitted over the network, ensuring user identity preservation and effectively resolving the key distribution challenge inherent in symmetric cryptography. By offloading intensive tasks to the servers and avoiding the storage or transmission of biometric data, the proposed approach conserves the IoT device energy and enhances cybersecurity. Simulation analyses and cybersecurity assessments demonstrate successful synchronization, privacy preservation, and low computational demands compared to the existing protocols, making the bio-integrated hybrid TESLA protocol a significant advancement in IoT authentication.

• Publication year

  2024

• Venue

  IEEE Internet of Things Journal

• Publication date

  2024-12-01

• Fields of study

  Computer Science, Engineering, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1109/JIOT.2024.3408031
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Enhancing IoT Security: An Innovative Key Management System for Lightweight Block Ciphers

  2023cited by this paper
• A comprehensive survey on authentication and secure key management in internet of things: Challenges, countermeasures, and future directions

  2023cited by this paper
• Guarding the First Order: The Rise of AES Maskings

  2022cited by this paper
• Analysis on functionalities and security features of Internet of Things related protocols

  2022cited by this paper
• Enhanced Inf-TESLA Protocol: A Continuous Connectivity and Low Overhead Authentication Protocol via IoT Devices

  2022cited by this paper
• Rotating behind Security: A Lightweight Authentication Protocol Based on IoT-Enabled Cloud Computing Environments

  2022cited by this paper
• Secure Protocol for Resource-Constrained IoT Device Authentication

  2022cited by this paper
• Empirical Studies of TESLA Protocol: Properties, Implementations, and Replacement of Public Cryptography Using Biometric Authentication

  2022cited by this paper
• A Review on Software-Based and Hardware-Based Authentication Mechanisms for the Internet of Drones

  2022cited by this paper
• IoT Driving New Business Model, and IoT Security, Privacy, and Awareness Challenges

  2022cited by this paper
• BioSec: A Biometric Authentication Framework for Secure and Private Communication Among Edge Devices in IoT and Industry 4.0

  2022influential reference
• Simulation Analysis and Comparison of New Hybrid TLI-µTESLA and Variant TESLA Protocols Using SHA-2 and SHA-3 Hash Functions

  2022cited by this paper
• A Comprehensive Survey on 6G Networks: Applications, Core Services, Enabling Technologies, and Future Challenges

  2021cited by this paper
• Review of Specific Features and Challenges in the Current Internet of Things Systems Impacting their Security and Reliability

  2021cited by this paper
• IoT: Communication Protocols and Security Threats

  2021cited by this paper
• From 5G to 6G Technology: Meets Energy, Internet-of-Things and Machine Learning: A Survey

  2021cited by this paper
• A Secure Communication System for Constrained IoT Devices—Experiences and Recommendations

  2021cited by this paper
• Lightweight and Secure Face-Based Active Authentication for Mobile Users

  2021cited by this paper
• Explainable artificial intelligence to evaluate industrial internal security using EEG signals in IoT framework

  2021influential reference
• Biometrics for Internet-of-Things Security: A Review

  2021influential reference
• Design of cancelable MCC-based fingerprint templates using Dyno-key model

  2021cited by this paper
• A Secure and Lightweight Three-Factor Remote User Authentication Protocol for Future IoT Applications

  2021cited by this paper
• A Novel Group-based Secure Lightweight Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol forMachine-Type Communication

  2021cited by this paper
• Lightweight Cryptography for Resource Constraint Devices: Challenges and Recommendation

  2021cited by this paper
• A cancelable biometric authentication system based on feature-adaptive random projection

  2021cited by this paper
• Cybersecurity Challenges Associated With the Internet of Things in a Post-Quantum World

  2020cited by this paper
• A Möbius transformation based model for fingerprint minutiae variations

  2020cited by this paper
• Problems of the advanced encryption standard in protecting Internet of Things sensor networks

  2020cited by this paper
• 6G: A survey on technologies, scenarios, challenges, and the related issues

  2020cited by this paper
• Challenges in Resource-Constrained IoT Devices: Energy and Communication as Critical Success Factors for Future IoT Deployment

  2020cited by this paper
• Novel EEG Sensor-Based Risk Framework for the Detection of Insider Threats in Safety Critical Industrial Infrastructure

  2020influential reference
• A Secure and light-weighted Group based Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol involving ECDH for Machine Type Communications in 3GPP Networks

  2020cited by this paper
• An independent three‐factor mutual authentication and key agreement scheme with privacy preserving for multiserver environment and a survey

  2020cited by this paper
• A Privacy-Preserving Lightweight Biometric System for Internet of Things Security

  2019cited by this paper
• Multimodal Biometric Authentication Systems Using Convolution Neural Network Based on Different Level Fusion of ECG and Fingerprint

  2019cited by this paper
• Biometric-based cryptography for digital content protection without any key storage

  2019influential reference
• New Two-Level µTESLA Protocol for IoT Environments

  2019cited by this paper
• A Machine Learning Framework for Biometric Authentication Using Electrocardiogram

  2019cited by this paper
• EEG Biometrics for Person Verification

  2019cited by this paper
• Address Space Layout Randomization Next Generation

  2019cited by this paper
• Practical Approaches Toward Deep-Learning-Based Cross-Device Power Side-Channel Attack

  2019cited by this paper
• CPU Consumption Analysis of TESLA-based Navigation Message Authentication

  2019cited by this paper
• A Quantum Safe User Authentication Protocol for the Internet of Things

  2019cited by this paper
• Security and Accuracy of Fingerprint-Based Biometrics: A Review

  2019cited by this paper
• Lightweight Cryptography for Internet of Insecure Things: A Survey

  2019cited by this paper
• ECB4CI: an enhanced cancelable biometric system for securing critical infrastructures

  2018cited by this paper
• Secure and Reliable Biometric Access Control for Resource-Constrained Systems and IoT

  2018cited by this paper
• A Cross-Layer Biometric Recognition System for Mobile IoT Devices

  2018cited by this paper
• Biometric Security and Internet of Things (IoT)

  2018influential reference
• Privacy-preserving personal data operation on mobile cloud - Chances and challenges over advanced persistent threat

  2018cited by this paper
• Using symmetric and asymmetric cryptography to secure communication between devices in IoT

  2017influential reference
• A Review of Issues Related to Data Acquisition and Analysis in EEG/MEG Studies

  2017cited by this paper
• Biometric Template Protection: A Systematic Literature Review of Approaches and Modalities

  2017cited by this paper
• IoT Based Biometrics Implementation on Raspberry Pi

  2016cited by this paper
• Robust anonymous two-factor authenticated key exchange scheme for mobile client-server environment

  2016cited by this paper
• More secure Internet of Things using robust encryption algorithms against side channel attacks

  2016cited by this paper
• Multicast Delayed Authentication for Streaming Synchrophasor Data in the Smart Grid

  2016cited by this paper
• Trust-Aware and Low Energy Consumption Security Topology Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network

  2015cited by this paper
• A survey of broadcast authentication schemes for wireless networks

  2015cited by this paper
• Efficient and enhanced broadcast authentication protocols based on multilevel μTESLA

  2014cited by this paper
• Flexible, extensible, and efficient VANET authentication

  2009cited by this paper
• Staggered TESLA: a multicast authentication scheme resistant to DoS attacks

  2005cited by this paper
• Multilevel μTESLA: Broadcast authentication for distributed sensor networks

  2004cited by this paper
• The TESLA Broadcast Authentication Protocol

  2002influential reference
• DESIGNING SECURE AND EFFICIENT BIOMETRIC-BASED SECURE ACCESS MECHANISM FOR CLOUD SERVICES

  year unknowninfluential reference
• BATCH SIGNATURE VERIFICATION FOR BROADCAST AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL

  year unknowncited by this paper

• A Security Framework for Resilient Smart Grids Based on Self-Organizing Graph Neural Cellular Automata

  2026cites this paper
• CLAF-IoT: Context-Aware LLMs-Enhanced Authentication Framework for Internet of Things

  2025cites this paper
• Innovative Integration of GBA and Hybrid TESLA for Securing IoT Authentication in 5G and 6G Networks

  2025cites this paper
• BIAS: A novel secure and efficient biometric-based anonymous authentication scheme

  2024cites this paper