ABSTRACT

Summary We discovered high titer neutralizing autoantibodies against interleukin-10 (anti-IL-10) in a child with infantile onset IBD, phenocopying inborn errors of IL-10 signalling. Following B cell depletion and associated decline in the anti-IL-10 titer, conventional IBD therapy could be withdrawn. A second child with neutralizing antibodies against IL-10 displayed a milder course of IBD and has been managed without B cell depletion. We conclude that neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-10 may be a causative or modifying factor in IBD, with potential implications for therapy.

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