Neural and metabolic factors in carbohydrate reward: Rationale, design, and methods for a flavor-nutrient learning paradigm in humans.

Overconsumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), which are linked with adverse health outcomes, is a growing public health concern. UPFs deliver highly bioavailable calories rapidly, which may contribute to their reinforcing potential and drive overconsumption. Our primary aim is to test the role of speed of nutrient availability on reward learning. We hypothesize that brain activity in reward related areas and behavioral preferences will be greater to a flavored drink predicting rapidly available calories (CS + Fast) compared with a flavored drink predicting more slowly available (CS + Slow) or no (CS-) calories. Participants (n = 64, aged 18-45 years, will consume 3 novel flavored, isosweet beverages containing 110 cal of sucrose (CS + Fast), 110 cal of maltodextrin (CS + Slow), or 0-cal sucralose (CS-) 6 times in randomized, crossover order. Blood metabolites and indirect calorimetry measures, including metabolic rate and carbohydrate oxidation, will be assessed before and for 1 h after beverage consumption. Behavioral preference for beverages will be assessed in a pre- and post-test. Brain response to each flavor without calories will be assessed via functional magnetic resonance imaging in a post-test. Findings from this study will contribute to the understanding of basic mechanisms that may drive overconsumption of UPFs. Trial registration:clinicaltrials.gov registration #NCT06053294.

• Publication year

  2024

• Venue

  Contemporary Clinical Trials

• Publication date

  2024-10-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107717PMID 39413990PMCID PMC11688656
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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