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Plants of the family Lamiaceae as a source of therapeutic agents against Acanthamoeba infections

M. Mrva,Lucia Malíková,M. Garajová

Published 2024 in Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Acanthamoebae are causative agents of severe and complicated human infections without a standard effective therapy to date. Therefore, the research is focused on the development of new amoebicidal drugs based on the natural products. Plants of the family Lamiaceae are typical with several phenolic secondary metabolites that make them interesting in medical point of view. OBJECTIVE In this review, we concentrate on anti-Acanthamoeba activities of plant extracts, essential oils, and phytochemicals of Lamiaceae in the published literature. FINDINGS A total of 13 articles in the research field were found. Totally, 16 plant species belonging to family Lamiaceae were studied against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba in in vitro conditions. Low toxicity of the Lamiaceae plant extracts to tissue cultures enhances their possible potential for clinical use. The research demonstrated promising trophocidal and cysticidal effects against acanthamoebae. Further research is needed with inclusion of more clinical isolates and in vivo studies. MAIN CONCLUSION Reviewing the related literature highlights the promising amoebicidal activities of plant extracts, essential oils and bioactive compounds of family Lamiaceae. Identifying the active components could lead to production new effective and well-tolerated drugs for the Acanthamoeba infections treatment.

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