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Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate immobilized on granular activated carbon inhibits methane production during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater.

Irina Cobos,M. Orrantia,D. Serrano‐Palacios,Edna R. Meza,M. A. Armenta,Vianey A. Burboa,L. H. Alvarez

Published 2025 in Water Science and Technology

ABSTRACT

Granular activated carbon (GAC) and GAC modified with anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) were used as conductive materials during the anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater (SW). The electron transfer capacity (ETC) in the GAC-AQS was 2.1-fold higher than the unmodified GAC. Despite the improvement in the ETC, the GAC-AQS cultures showed an inhibitory effect, evidenced by the lowest methane productivity. Indeed, the cultures with unmodified GAC achieved 236 mL CH4/g CODi (chemical oxygen demand, initial), representing an increment of 1.14- and 2.05-fold compared with the control (without conductive materials) and GAC-AQS, respectively. In addition, the methane production rate (Rmax) and yield were also improved with unmodified GAC, but they decreased with GAC-AQS. The role of solid-phase AQS (GAC-AQS) as a terminal electron acceptor during microbial respiration competes with methanogenesis for the electrons instead of serving as an electron conduit.

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