Effects of xylitol on metabolic parameters and visceral fat accumulation

Xylitol is widely used as a sweetener in foods and medications. Xylitol ingestion causes a small blood glucose rise, and it is commonly used as an alternative to high-energy supplements in diabetics. In previous studies, a xylitol metabolite, xylulose-5-phosphate, was shown to activate carbohydrate response element binding protein, and to promote lipogenic enzyme gene transcription in vitro; however, the effects of xylitol in vivo are not understood. Here we investigated the effects of dietary xylitol on lipid metabolism and visceral fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet containing 0 g (control), 1.0 g/100 kcal (X1) or 2.0 g/100 kcal (X2) of xylitol. After the 8-week feeding period, visceral fat mass and plasma insulin and lipid concentrations were significantly lower in xylitol-fed rats than those in high-fat diet rats. Gene expression levels of ChREBP and lipogenic enzymes were higher, whereas the expression of sterol regulatory-element binding protein 1c was lower and fatty acid oxidation-related genes were significantly higher in the liver of xylitol-fed rats as compared with high-fat diet rats. In conclusion, intake of xylitol may be beneficial in preventing the development of obesity and metabolic abnormalities in rats with diet-induced obesity.

• Publication year

  2011

• Venue

  Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition

• Publication date

  2011-06-17

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3164/jcbn.10-111PMID 21765599PMCID 3128359
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Pharmacological activation of RXFP 3 is not orexigenic in C 57 BL / 6 J mice

  2013cited by this paper
• Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Target Genes

  2010cited by this paper
• Reduced glycaemic and insulinaemic responses following isomaltulose ingestion: implications for postprandial substrate use

  2009cited by this paper
• Beneficial Effect of Food Substitute Containing L-Arginine, ω-3 Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid, and Ribonucleic Acid in Preventing or Improving Metabolic Syndrome: A Study in 15 Overweight Patients and a Study of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Animals

  2009cited by this paper
• Lipid and insulin infusion-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance is likely due to metabolic feedback and not changes in IRS-1, Akt, or AS160 phosphorylation.

  2009cited by this paper
• Reduced glycaemic and insulinaemic responses following trehalose ingestion: implications for postprandial substrate use

  2009cited by this paper
• d-Psicose Inhibits Intestinal α-Glucosidase and Suppresses the Glycemic Response after Ingestion of Carbohydrates in Rats

  2009cited by this paper
• Hypocaloric high-protein diet improves fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia in sucrose-fed obese rats via two pathways.

  2009cited by this paper
• The role of the lipogenic pathway in the development of hepatic steatosis.

  2008cited by this paper
• A Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome; Increase in Visceral Adipose Tissue Precedes the Development of Fatty Liver and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet-Fed Male KK/Ta Mice

  2008cited by this paper
• A mouse model of metabolic syndrome : increase in visceral adipose tissue precedes the development of fatty liver and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed male KK/Ta mice

  2008cited by this paper
• Impaired Fat Oxidation After a Single High-Fat Meal in Insulin-Sensitive Nondiabetic Individuals With a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

  2007cited by this paper
• Mechanism of rapid-phase insulin response to elevation of portal glucose concentration.

  2007cited by this paper
• A high-fat, ketogenic diet induces a unique metabolic state in mice.

  2007cited by this paper
• Extracts of Momordica charantia suppress postprandial hyperglycemia in rats.

  2007cited by this paper
• PPARγ agonism increases rat adipose tissue lipolysis, expression of glyceride lipases, and the response of lipolysis to hormonal control

  2006cited by this paper
• Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome

  2006cited by this paper
• Modulation of fatty acid metabolism as a potential approach to the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome

  2006cited by this paper
• Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha activation increases adiponectin receptors and reduces obesity-related inflammation in adipose tissue: comparison of activation of PPARalpha, PPARgamma, and their combination.

  2005cited by this paper
• Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c): two key regulators of glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis in liver.

  2005cited by this paper
• Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha target genes.

  2004cited by this paper
• Improved insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue dysregulation after short-term treatment with pioglitazone in non-diabetic, insulin-resistant subjects

  2004cited by this paper
• Deficiency of carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) reduces lipogenesis as well as glycolysis.

  2004cited by this paper
• Carbohydrate response element binding protein directly promotes lipogenic enzyme gene transcription.

  2004cited by this paper
• Obesity: An overview on its current perspectives and treatment options

  2004cited by this paper
• SREBPs suppress IRS-2-mediated insulin signalling in the liver

  2004cited by this paper
• Obesity and post-prandial lipid metabolism. Feast or famine?

  2004cited by this paper
• Effects of sugar intake on body weight: a review

  2003cited by this paper
• Sugars, insulin sensitivity, and the postprandial state.

  2003cited by this paper
• Sugars, hypertriglyceridemia, and cardiovascular disease.

  2003cited by this paper
• Regulation of PGC-1 promoter activity by protein kinase B and the forkhead transcription factor FKHR.

  2003cited by this paper
• Xylulose 5-phosphate mediates glucose-induced lipogenesis by xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase in rat liver

  2003cited by this paper
• Glycemic index and obesity.

  2002cited by this paper
• The influence of different fats and fatty acids on obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation.

  2002cited by this paper
• Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses high fat and high sucrose diet-induced body fat accumulation in C57BL/6J mice.

  2001cited by this paper
• Glucose and cAMP regulate the L-type pyruvate kinase gene by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the carbohydrate response element binding protein

  2001cited by this paper
• The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity

  2001cited by this paper
• The Coactivator PGC-1 Cooperates with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α in Transcriptional Control of Nuclear Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Enzymes

  2000cited by this paper
• Can the pentitol-hexitol theory explain the clinical observations made with xylitol?

  2000cited by this paper
• Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism.

  1999cited by this paper
• Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c is a major mediator of insulin action on the hepatic expression of glucokinase and lipogenesis-related genes.

  1999cited by this paper
• Induction of fatty acid synthase and S14 gene expression by glucose, xylitol and dihydroxyacetone in cultured rat hepatocytes is closely correlated with glucose 6-phosphate concentrations.

  1997cited by this paper
• Metabolic response to lactitol and xylitol in healthy men.

  1997cited by this paper
• Dexamethasone and insulin demonstrate marked and opposite regulation of the steady-state mRNA level of the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in hepatic cells. Hormonal modulation of fatty-acid-induced transcription.

  1994cited by this paper
• AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet.

  1993cited by this paper
• Sugar alcohols as bulk sweeteners.

  1989cited by this paper
• Diet-Induced Type II Diabetes in C57BL/6J Mice

  1988cited by this paper
• Xylitol, an energy source for intravenous nutrition after trauma.

  1985cited by this paper
• Effect of peroral xylitol on the concentration levels of lipids and electrolytes in rat tissues

  1983cited by this paper
• Turku sugar studies XXIII. Comparison of metabolic tolerance in human volunteers to high oral doses of xylitol and sucrose after long-term regular consumption of xylitol.

  1982cited by this paper
• Increased secretion of very low density lipoprotein triglyceride following inhibition of long chain fatty acid oxidation in isolated rat liver.

  1981cited by this paper
• Biochemical principles of the use of xylitol in medicine and nutrition with special consideration of dental aspects.

  1978cited by this paper
• Comparison of xylitol and glucose metabolism in nonhepatic rat tissues

  1976cited by this paper
• Xylitol metabolism in the isolated perfused rat liver.

  1973cited by this paper
• Xylitol metabolism in extrahepatic tissues.

  1971cited by this paper
• Xylitol metabolism in extrahepatic tissues.

  1971cited by this paper
• Clinical effects of xylitol on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetes.

  1965cited by this paper
• A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues.

  1957cited by this paper

• Enzymatic synthesis of β-galactosylated xylitol derivatives modulates gut microbiota and improves obesity-related metabolic parameters in mice.

  2025cites this paper
• Sweeteners: erythritol, xylitol and cardiovascular risk—friend or foe?

  2025cites this paper
• Dynamic membrane changes and osmotic effects by sugar alcohols

  2025cites this paper
• Is xylitol a sweet revolution? - A literature review of its metabolic effects and innovative applications

  2025cites this paper
• Sugar-Free but Not Risk-Free? Exploring Artificial Sweeteners and Cardiovascular Disease.

  2025cites this paper
• Anti-oxidation enhancement, inflammation alleviation, and microbial composition optimization of using tussah (Antheraea pernyi) silk fibroin peptides for hyperglycaemia remission

  2025cites this paper
• Analysis of Osmotic Pump-Administered Xylitol in a Syngeneic Mouse Melanoma Model

  2025cites this paper
• Comparative effects of xylitol and erythritol on inhibition of key digestive enzymes and modulating dysfunctional enzyme activities in oxidative hepatic injury

  2025cites this paper
• Effects of artificial and natural sweeteners on host metabolic health: A double-edged sword.

  2025cites this paper
• A Review of Low- and No-Calorie Sweetener Safety and Weight Management Efficacy

  2024cites this paper
• Exploring the therapeutic mechanisms of millet in obesity through molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and dynamic simulation

  2024cites this paper
• Salivary Transcriptome and Mitochondrial Analysis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children Compared to Healthy Controls

  2024cites this paper
• Procyanidin B2 improves developmental capacity of bovine oocytes via promoting PPARγ/UCP1‐mediated uncoupling lipid catabolism during in vitro maturation

  2024cites this paper
• Xylitol: bitter cardiovascular data for a successful sweetener.

  2024cites this paper
• Xylitol attenuates diabetes induced intestinal permeability changes and inflammatory injury by improving intestinal tight junction protein expression and mucus secretion in rats

  2024influential citation
• Comparative effects of xylitol and erythritol on modulating blood glucose; inducing insulin secretion; reducing dyslipidemia and redox imbalance in a type 2 diabetes rat model

  2023cites this paper
• Trehalose Inhibits Inflammatory Responses through Mitochondrial Reprogramming in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

  2023cites this paper
• Effects of a 5-week intake of erythritol and xylitol on vascular function, abdominal fat and glucose tolerance in humans with obesity: a pilot trial

  2023cites this paper
• Isolation of xylose-utilizing yeasts from oil palm waste for xylitol and ethanol production

  2023cites this paper
• The effect of different prebiotics on intestinal probiotics in newly diagnosed diabetic patients

  2023cites this paper
• Effects of Natural Alternative Sweeteners on Metabolic Diseases

  2023cites this paper
• The pathogenic pathways of cardiovascular disease in perimenopausal women

  2023cites this paper
• Metabolism and Health Impacts of Dietary Sugars

  2022cites this paper
• d-Arabitol Ameliorates Obesity and Metabolic Disorders via the Gut Microbiota-SCFAs-WAT Browning Axis.

  2022cites this paper
• Impact of Dietary Sugars on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Health

  2022cites this paper
• Biological production of xylitol by using nonconventional microbial strains

  2022cites this paper
• Dietary xylitol supplement ameliorated AD related neuronal injury by regulating glucose metabolism relevant amino acids in mice.

  2022cites this paper
• Effect of Long-Term Intake of Nutritive and Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on Metabolic Health and Cognition in Adult Male Rats

  2022cites this paper
• A diet high in FODMAPs as a novel dietary strategy in diabetes?

  2022cites this paper
• Evaluation of inhalation toxicology after a 90-day xylitol aerosol exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats.

  2022cites this paper
• The Role of Insulin-like Peptide in Maintaining Hemolymph Glucose Homeostasis in the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

  2022cites this paper
• Production and Digestibility Studies of β-Galactosyl Xylitol Derivatives Using Heterogeneous Catalysts of LacA β-Galactosidase from Lactobacillus Plantarum WCFS1

  2022cites this paper
• Xylitol improves antioxidant, purinergic and cholinergic dysfunction, and lipid metabolic homeostasis in hepatic injury in type 2 diabetic rats.

  2022cites this paper
• The sensory properties and metabolic impact of natural and synthetic sweeteners.

  2021cites this paper
• Suitability of sugar alcohols as antidiabetic supplements: A review

  2021cites this paper
• Effect of a Chronic Intake of the Natural Sweeteners Xylitol and Erythritol on Glucose Absorption in Humans with Obesity

  2021cites this paper
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters the metabolic aging profile in patient derived fibroblasts

  2021cites this paper
• Positioning on the Use of Polyols as Table Sweeteners

  2021cites this paper
• Leucrose, a natural sucrose isomer, suppresses dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by regulating macrophage polarization via JAK1/STAT6 signaling

  2020cites this paper
• Metabolic effects of the natural sweeteners xylitol and erythritol: A comprehensive review

  2020cites this paper
• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and sweeteners: a literature review

  2020cites this paper
• Health benefits of xylitol

  2020cites this paper
• Correlation of D-xylose with severity and morbidity-related factors of COVID-19 and possible therapeutic use of D-xylose and antibiotics for COVID-19

  2020cites this paper
• Biological and Pharmacological Potential of Xylitol: A Molecular Insight of Unique Metabolism

  2020cites this paper
• Salivary and Urinary Metabolome in Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

  2020cites this paper
• In-Vitro and In-Silico Characterization of Xylose Reductase from Emericella nidulans

  2019cites this paper
• Novel Olive Oil Phenolic (-)-Oleocanthal (+)-Xylitol-Based Solid Dispersion Formulations with Potent Oral Anti-Breast Cancer Activities.

  2019cites this paper
• Xylitol’s Health Benefits beyond Dental Health: A Comprehensive Review

  2019cites this paper
• The Liver in Children With Metabolic Syndrome

  2019cites this paper
• Food additives and microbiota

  2019cites this paper
• Phytochemical analysis and Antiproliferative activity of lotus peregrinus L. against MCF7 (breast carcinoma cell line)

  2019cites this paper
• Wulingsan (Oryeongsan/Goreisan) ameliorate lipid metabolism of obesity rats via regulation of the plasma metabolic profiling

  2019cites this paper
• Natural Ingredients-Based Gummy Bear Composition Designed According to Texture Analysis and Sensory Evaluation In Vivo

  2019cites this paper
• Antibacterial and anticariogenic properties of xylitol: a literature review

  2018cites this paper
• Effects of consuming sweeteners on metabolic disorders

  2018cites this paper
• Anti-obesity Effect of Steamed Soybean and Fermented Steamed Soybean in High-fat Diet-induced Obese ICR Mice

  2017cites this paper
• Study on the effects of varying concentrations of xylitol on the weight, and blood glucose, and cholesterol levels of Mus musculus L. (ICR mice) -

  2017influential citation
• Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice

  2017cites this paper
• A Sustainable Bioeconomy: The Green Industrial Revolution

  2017cites this paper
• Urinary Metabolomics in Pediatric Obesity and NAFLD Identifies Metabolic Pathways/Metabolites Related to Dietary Habits and Gut-Liver Axis Perturbations

  2017cites this paper
• Gut hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and glycemic responses to erythritol and xylitol in lean and obese subjects.

  2016cites this paper
• Xylitol: One Name, Numerous Benefits

  2016cites this paper
• Effects of pH and Aeration Conditions on Xylitol Production by Candida and Hansenula Yeasts

  2016cites this paper
• The Effects of Xylitol on Body Weight Loss Management and Lipid Profile on Diet-Induced Obesity Mice

  2015cites this paper
• D-Xylose suppresses adipogenesis and regulates lipid metabolism genes in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

  2015cites this paper
• Improved conversion of rice straw to ethanol and xylitol by combination of moderate temperature ammonia pretreatment and sequential fermentation using Candida tropicalis

  2015cites this paper
• Effects of xylitol on carbohydrate digesting enzymes activity, intestinal glucose absorption and muscle glucose uptake: a multi-mode study.

  2015cites this paper
• Effects of commercially available non-nutritive sweeteners in an experimentally induced rat model of type 2 diabetes.

  2014cites this paper
• Xylitol improves pancreatic islets morphology to ameliorate type 2 diabetes in rats: a dose response study.

  2014cites this paper
• Xylitol Affects the Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolism of Daidzein in Adult Male Mice

  2013cites this paper
• Hypercholesterolemia and effects of high cholesterol diet in type IIa sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter (Npt2a) deficient mice.

  2013cites this paper
• Induction of the hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene in offspring after isocaloric administration of high fat sucrose diet during gestation

  2013cites this paper
• Studies on the possible mechanisms behind the anti-diabetic effects of Xylitol.

  2013cites this paper
• Dietary phosphate restriction induces hepatic lipid accumulation through dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism in mice.

  2013cites this paper
• Xylitol and oral health: uses and possibilities in caries and periodontal disease in populations "PEPE"

  2012cites this paper
• Medical Applications of Xylitol: An Appraisal

  2012cites this paper
• Xylitol Increases Serum Triglyceride in Normal but Not in a Type 2 Diabetes Model of Rats

  2012cites this paper
• Xylitol prevents NEFA-induced insulin resistance in rats

  2012cites this paper
• Activation of the transcription factor carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein by glucose leads to increased pancreatic beta cell differentiation in rats

  2012cites this paper
• Effects of Xylitol on Blood Glucose, Glucose Tolerance, Serum Insulin and Lipid Profile in a Type 2 Diabetes Model of Rats

  2012cites this paper
• Salud bucal y xilitol: usos y posibilidades en caries y enfermedad periodontal en poblaciones "PEPE"

  2012cites this paper