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Overwintering Strategies and Post-Diapause Female Reproduction Fitness in the Willow Leaf Beetle Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Jian Yan,Lin Zhang,Mingxuan Xu,Xiaofeng Zhang,Lvquan Zhao

Published 2025 in Insects

ABSTRACT

Simple Summary The willow leaf beetle Plagiodera versicolora is a serious pest of poplar and willow trees, on which it overwinters as an adult and then feeds post diapause. However, the cold-hardiness of the adults and their energy consumption during diapause, with resulting impacts on their post-diapause reproduction fitness, remain unclear. This study investigated the changes in supercooling point and levels of lipids, glycogen, and trehalose in diapause adults in response to seasonal temperature fluctuations, and compared the reproductive fitness of post-diapause females with non-diapause females. At the onset of diapause, the energy consumption of P. versicolora depended on lipid and carbohydrate stores, but, as diapause progressed, it shifted toward glycogen or other energy sources. Although post-diapause females were able to replenish nutrients lost during diapause, there was still a significant decrease in egg production and the number of clutches compared with non-diapause females. These results suggest that energy consumption during diapause leads to reduced post-diapause female reproduction fitness. Such insights are important for understanding the overwintering strategy of P. versicolora and could have implications for their ecology and population dynamics under climate change scenarios.

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