Evaluating Tumour Mutational Burden as a Key Biomarker in Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy: A Pan-Cancer Systematic Review

Simple Summary Cancer treatment using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown great success, but not all patients respond equally. Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is a measure of genetic mutations in cancer cells and is used to predict whether ICIs will be effective. While TMB is a reliable predictor in lung cancer and melanoma, its usefulness in breast and prostate cancers remains uncertain. This study reviewed existing research to assess how well TMB pre-dicts treatment outcomes in these four cancer types. The results confirmed that high TMB is linked to better re-sponses in lung cancer and melanoma. However, findings for breast and prostate cancers were inconsistent, sug-gesting that other factors may influence treatment success. Differences in how TMB is measured also make com-parisons difficult. To improve cancer treatment, future research should focus on refining TMB assessment methods and identifying additional markers that can help personalize therapy.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Cancers

• Publication date

  2025-02-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/cancers17030480PMID 39941847PMCID 11816366
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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