SCIENCE@home

GcDUO: an open-source software for GC × GC–MS data analysis

Maria Llambrich,Frans M. Kloet,Lluc Sementé,Anaïs Rodrigues,S. Samanipour,Pierre‐Hugues Stefanuto,J. Westerhuis,Raquel Cumeras,Jesús Brezmes

Published 2025 in Briefings Bioinform.

ABSTRACT

Abstract Comprehensive 2D gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC × GC–MS) is a powerful analytical technique. However, the complexity and volume of data generated pose significant challenges for data processing and interpretation, limiting a broader adoption. Chemometric approaches, particularly multiway models like Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), have proven effective in addressing these challenges by enabling the extraction of meaningful chemical information from multi-dimensional datasets. However, traditional PARAFAC is constrained by its assumption of data tri-linearity, which may not be valid in all cases, leading to potential inaccuracies. To overcome these limitations, we present GcDUO, an open-source software implemented in R, designed specifically for the processing and analysis of GC × GC–MS data. GcDUO integrates advanced chemometric methods, including both PARAFAC and PARAFAC2, for a more accurate and comprehensive analysis. PARAFAC is particularly useful for deconvoluting overlapping peaks and extracting pure chemical signals, while PARAFAC2 relaxes de tri-linearity constraint, allowing the alignment between samples. The software is structured into six modules—data import, region of interest (ROI) selection, deconvolution, peak annotation, data integration, and visualization—facilitating comprehensive and flexible data processing. GcDUO was validated against the gold-standard software for comprehensive GC, demonstrating a high correlation (R2 = 0.9) in peak area measurements, confirming its effectiveness and reliability. GcDUO provides a valuable, open-source platform for researchers in metabolomics and related fields, enabling more accessible and customizable GC × GC–MS data analysis.

PUBLICATION RECORD

CITATION MAP

EXTRACTION MAP

CLAIMS

  • No claims are published for this paper.

CONCEPTS

  • No concepts are published for this paper.

REFERENCES

Showing 1-35 of 35 references · Page 1 of 1

CITED BY